Neoplasms 379 



Sarcomata. The malignant form of growth may or may not be 

 associated with the condition known as splenic leukemia in which 

 there is also an augmentation of splenic pulp and an actual increase 

 in the number of leucocytes in the blood. There is no tendency 

 to extension of the disease process beyond the capsule of the glands, 

 the latter retaining their shape, so that the condition might be re- 

 ferred to as one of malignant hyperplasia. Single or several groups 

 of glands may be involved. The growths are soft or hard, accord- 

 ing to the amount of connective tissue present. They are danger- 

 ous in that they may exercise destructive compression of vital or- 

 gans, particularly intrathoracic ones, and the disease is eventually 

 fatal through production of cachexia and exhaustion. 



Papillomata. A papilloma is a benign tumor arising from a 

 surface and having a framework, of fibrous stroma and bloodvessels 

 with a covering of squamous epithelial projections or proliferations. 

 In common parlance it is termed a wart. According to Froehner, 

 the papillomata form ten per cent of all tumors. They occur chiefly 

 in young animals, and like other benign tumors, often in multiples, 

 and seem to arise in a spontaneous manner through causes which 

 are not understood. They also disappear with equal spontaniety. 

 Two forms are recognized, the hard growing on the Skin, and the 

 soft growing generally on Mucous Membranes. They are fre- 

 quently seen at the junction of mucous membrane with the skin. 

 The hard form exists as smooth hemispheric elevations, and the 

 soft as dendritic growths, i. e., arborescent masses growing from 

 a common base, or as cauliflower-like pedunculate growths. They, 

 are always sharply defined from the neighboring parts. In general, 

 they are not very large, varying in size between a pea and a wal- 

 nut. In the skin they appear commonly on the Head, Back, and 

 Prepuce, and on the Extremities, particularly round the Pads of 

 the Feet, but may occur in any part of the body. Skin warts are 

 frequently the seat of melanotic deposits — the so-called pigmented 

 moles. In old animals there is good reason to believe that they 

 may become the starting point of true malignant epithelial in- 

 growths, and it is noteworthy that they grow in places commonly 

 the seat of epithelioma. Sometimes the epithelial layers decompose 

 and ulcerate, especially when irritated, by which they undergo dessi- 

 cation, and fresh material being continually added to the base, 

 a Wart-horn is produced. In the Vestibule of the Outer Ear papil- 



