TRAVISIA GRAVIERI. 29 



The mud amongst which it lives is sometimes, as in the West Voe of Scalloway, odoriferous 

 from the decaying fuci, algae, and other forms. 



Dr. George Johnston (1840) procured the first example from Profs. John Goodsir 

 and Edward Forbes, and, as the specimen was somewhat softened, he was in doubt as to 

 its exact position, but he concluded that it was closely related to Scalibvegma infiatum. 

 In his catalogue (1865) he placed the genus between Ophelia and Eumenia, with a good 

 description and figure. 



H. Rathke (1843) included this form under his genus Ammotrypane as A. oestroides, 

 and his description and figures are characterised by his usual care. He further gives an 

 account o£ its general anatomy with figures, and he represents, though he did not 

 correctly name, the segmental organs with external openings. 



Travisia was ranged by Grube (1851) under the family Opheliacse of the tribe 

 Limivora, and he correctly entered the synonyms. 



Schmarda 1 (1861) found a very similar form on the coast of Chili, though his figure 

 of the foot and the bristles differs. 



De Quatrefages (1865) entered this form under the titles Travisia Forbesii, 

 Ophelia mammilata, and 0. oestroides — all in the family of the Opheliidse. 



Grube (1869), like Malmgren, included Travisia in the second division of his 

 Opheliaceen. 



Following the usual procedure, Levinsen 2 (1883) placed Travisia at the end of the 

 Opheliidse. 



Travisia Kerguelensis of the 'Challenger' 3 differs comparatively little from the common 

 species. 



De St. Joseph (1898) speaks of the strong and disagreeable odour of this species, but 

 whether such is due to its surroundings is not explained. Certainly in the midst of 

 decaying animal and vegetable structures in the quiet voes of Shetland the odour is strong 

 — so strong, indeed, as on one occasion to cause two boatmen almost to cease work with 

 the dredge — yet Travisia and the beautiful little Lima were common. This author also 

 found a white variety. 



Louis de Reau 4 (1908) has recently examined the structure of the body- wall of 

 Travisia Forbesii, and is of opinion that externally is an epithelium of cubical cells covered 

 by a cuticle giving passage to the papillse, which are distributed and fused below 

 the surface so as to simulate a second epithelium. He considers, in short, the arrangement 

 as an exaggeration of the condition of the papillae in Stylarioides plumosa, Flabelligera 

 affinis, and others, the maximum complication taking place in Travisia Forbesii, in which 

 the papillse are fused. 



2. TiuvisrA Giiavierl, Mcintosh, 1908. Plate XCV, fig. 8. 



Specific Characters. — Snout terminating in a smooth pointed process. Body small, 

 5 mm. long, resembling a Dipterous larva, gently dilating behind the snout, and continuing 



1 ' Neue Wirbell. Thiere/ I, ii, p. 49, Text-fig. 



2 ' Vidensk. Meddel. Foren. Kjobenh./ 1883, p. 119. 



3 ' Report Annelida/ p. 357, pi. xliii, fig. 10 ; pi. xxxvi, figs. 1 and 2, 1885. 

 i ' Compt. Rend. Acad. Sc. Paris/ April 13th. 



