48 BPHESIA GRACILIS. 



1851. Ephesia gracilis, Grube. Fam. Annel., pp. 67 and 133. 



„ Sphaerodorum flavum, idem. Ibid., pp. 67 and 134. 

 1853. Nereis bullata, Dalyell. Pow. Great., ii, p. 147, pi. xxii, figs. 1 — 5. 

 1865. Ephesia gracilis, Johnston. Cat. Worms Brit. Mus., p. 206. 



„ Pollicita perpatus, Oarrington. Proc. Lit. and Philos. Soc. Manch., iv, p. 7. 



1867. Ephesia gracilis, Malmgren. Annul. Polych., p. 190. 



1868. „ „ Sars. Christ. Yicl.-Selsk. Forhandl., p. 10. 



1873. „ ., idem. Nyt Mag. f. Naturvid., xix, p. 242. 

 „ ,, ., De Quatrefages. Annel., t. ii, p. 84. 



„ Sphaerodorum flavum-, idem. Ibid., p. 85. 



,, Ephesia gracilis, Sars. Bidr. Christ. Fauna, p. 47. 



1874. „ „ Mcintosh. Ann. Nat. Hist,, ser. 4, vol. xiv, p. 201. 



1875. „ ., Elders. Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. xxv, p. 24. 



„ ,, ., Mcintosh. Invert, and Fishes St. Andrews, p. 125. 



1879. „ ,, Tauber. Annul. Danica, p. 110. 



„ „ ., Theel. Kongl. svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., Bd. xvi, p. 51. 



1881. „ ., Leslie and Herdman. Proc. Boy. Phys. Soc. Edinb., vol. vi, p. 67 



1883. ,, ., Levinsen. Yidensk. Meddel. Foren. Kjobenh., p. 93. 



1886. ., ,, Marenzeller. Internat. Polarforsch., p. 14 (Jan Meyen). 



1894. „ ., De St. Josepli. Ann. Sc. nat., 7 e ser., t. xvii, p. 38, pi. iii, figs. 51-54. 



„ ,, „ Bidenkap. Christ. Yid.-Selsk. Forhandl., p. 92. 



1898. „ ; , De St. Joseph. Ann. Sc. nat., 8 e ser., t. v, p. 345. 



,, ,, ., Michaelsen. Gronland Anneh, p. 126. 



1904. „ ,, Journ. M. B. A., vol. vii, p. 227. 



1908. „ „ Mcintosh. Ann. Nat. Hist., 8 ser., vol. ii, p. 528. 



„ „ ,, Ehlers. Deutsch. Tiefsee-Exped., p. 106. 



1910. „ ., Elwes. Journ. M. B. A., vol. ix, p. 61. 



1911. ,. „ Euderman. Mem. Soc. Zool. Paris, t. 24, pp. 1-96, pi. i. 



1912. „ ., Crawshay. Journ. M. B. A., vol. ix, p. 343. 



1913. „ ., Augener. Zool. Anzeig., Bd. xli, p. 261. 

 „ •. „ Ehlers. Deutsch. Sudp. Exped., p. 504. 



1914. „ ., Southern. Proc. Roy. Trisli Acad., vol. xxxi, pt. 47, p. 88. 



Habitat — The coralline region (Johnston). Occasionally, in fissures of sandstone 

 rocks, between tide-marks ; not uncommon in the debris of the fishing boats, and tossed 

 on the West Sands, St. Andrews, after storms (B. Mcintosh) ; dredged in six fathoms, 

 on muddy ground, Lochmaddy ; in seven fathoms amongst old bivalve shells, Bressay 

 Sound; and on sandy ground, amongst tangle-roots, in the Sound of Harris (W. C. M.). 

 The finest examples came from the deep water off St. Andrews Bay; Millport, 

 Cumbrae (Kolliker) ; Hebrides (Claparede) ; Lamlash Bay, Arran (Dr. Howden) ; trawlers' 

 boats, Elie, Fife, 1863 (R. Mcintosh); St. Peter Port, Guernsey (W. C. M.); Birturbury Bay, 

 Ireland; Berehaven (P. I. A.), Clare Island district (Southern) ; Plymouth (Crawshay). 



Cosmopolitan— from pole to pole. South Pole (Ehlers). Norway (Rathke and 

 Malmgren). Examples of good size dredged by Canon Norman off Bergen, Norway; 

 Finmark, Spitzbergen, Greenland, Sweden ; 300 fathoms off Norway (Sars) ; Western 

 shores of France (De St. Joseph) ; Atlantic Coast, U.S.A. (Verrill) ; Franz- Joseph Land 

 (Augener) . 



Head (which is often invaginated) bluntly rounded, the free border having numerous 



