OPHELIHLE. 7 



a. The brancliia a simple filament, seldom papillose, very rarely forked. 



a. Under this head he placed Travisia, which approaches the Scalibregmidae. 



b. The ventral surface flat, with a median groove. 



b\ Pharynx with two groups of papilla3. Body spindle-shaped; bristle-tufts double. 

 Terpsichore, Ladice, etc. No British representative. 



b\ Pharynx without groups of papilla ; body elongated, with five ringed segments. 



(1) Without cephalic or body-eyes, with double setigerous processes, and two anal 

 cirri and papillse. Ophelia. 



(2) Eyes on the head and middle of the body ; simple bristle-bundles. No anal 

 cirri. Armandia. 



(3) Without eyes, with simple bristle-bundles. Ammotrypane. 



The same author (1878) adopts (Ersted's genus Ophelina instead of Malmgren's 

 Ammotrypane, and points out that Ophelia, Savigny, has priority over both. 1 



Giard 2 (1880) published an interesting paper on the resemblances of the body-wall 

 of Polygordius to that in the Opheliidse, and thought that embryology might furnish 

 further light on the relationships. 



Cosmo vici (1880) quotes Claparede as asserting that the segmental organs occur 

 throughout the abdominal region in Ophelia radiata. He divides the segmental 

 organs into two parts— (1) the glandular division, which he thinks is homologous with the 

 organ of Bojanus in the mollusk ; and (2) the segmental organ proper with its ciliated 

 funnel. In his summary he states that in Ophelia bicornis there are five consecutive pairs 

 of segmental organs with their proper apertures, and behind them other five segments, in 

 each of which a pair of pouches of a sienna-colour occur, and which communicate only 

 with the exterior. 



The Syllidif ormia of Levinsen 3 (1883) was a heterogeneous group, both as regards the 

 S. vera and the S. spionina. With a point of interrogation, the sixth family of the latter 

 was the Opheliidse. It is difficult to understand what connection these have with the 

 Spionidse, ChsetopteridaB, Cirratulidse, AriciidaB, or ChloraemidaB. He arranges the genera 

 thus : — Tachytrypane, Ammotrypane, and Ophelia. 



Cams (1885) placed this family between the Halelminthidas and the ScalibregmidaB. 



Kiikenthal* (1886) gave an account of the structure of the nervous system of the family, 

 specially dealing with the British species, Travisia Forbesii (which he included under it), 

 Ophelia limacina, Ammotrypane aulogaster, and Polyophthalmus pictus. So far as observed, 

 there is little that is striking in this system either in the cephalic ganglia or the nerve- 

 cords, which do not usually present neural canals. He added, in 1887/ the following simple 

 classification of the group: I. Opheliaceae without a ventral groove — Travisia, Johnston. 

 II. Ventral groove at the posterior part of the body — Ophelia, Savigny. III. Ventral 

 groove extending throughout: a. without lateral eyes — Ammotrypane ; B. with lateral eyes 

 (1) with cirri — Armandia, Filippi; (2) without cirri — Polyophthalmus, De Quatrefages. 



1 See Grube, ' Jahresb. d. Scliles. Gesellsch./ 1868-9. 



2 ' Compt. Rend. Acad. So./ Paris, Tome xci, 1880, p. 341. 



3 'Vidensk. Meddel. Foren. Kjobenh./ 1883, p. 180. 



4 ( Jenaische Zeitschr./ Bd. xx (n. p. xiii), p. 511, Taf. xxxii-xxxiv. 

 Jenaische Zeitschr./ Bd. xxi (n.f. xiv), p. 316, 1887. 



c 



