84 CB.LORMMIDM. 



out. No distinct view of the nerve-cords was obtainable in these sections, though they 

 are readily seen in ordinary dissections under a lens in the normal position. The epithelial 

 coat of the alimentary canal of this species also presented special thickening. In a female 

 the large ova were confined within a delicate sheath, which likewise enveloped sections of 

 the gut. The food consists of the same rich mud as in other forms. 



Claparede (1873) observes that it is impossible to separate the longitudinal muscular 

 layer of Stylarioides moniliferus into sections, and the cuticle is very tough. In this 

 species the nerve-trunks lie in the coelomic cavity, and are only lightly attached to the 

 ventral wall. These annelids retract their branchial apparatus within the body-cavity. 



The name Siphonostomum had been used for a parasitic crustacean, whilst PJierma 

 was applied by Leach to one of the Gammaridse. The term Chlorasmidas is therefore 

 more appropriate. 



Cuvier (1817) included Sijohostoma, Otto, amongst his Tubicolas, and it was followed 

 by the mollusk Bentalkim. He was somewhat doubtful of the description of the double 

 mouth by Otto, " the first smaller and canaliculated at the base, with an anterior part in 

 the form of a proboscis, and the second much broader and more rounded behind." There 

 is no double mouth, but it is possible that the author misinterpreted the folds of the region 

 into which the mouth is retracted. 



De Blainville (1828) gave Sijjhostoma a place under his family Nereiscolecia, a group 

 including diverse forms. 



Q-rube (1851) established the family Pherusea for this group, which he placed under 

 his Limivora, following the Opheliacea, and in front of the Cha3topterida3. In his 

 Philippine Annelids (1878) he uses Chlorhamiina, De Quatrefages, as the title of the 

 family, and gives a revised note of the characters. 



Dr. T. Williams (1858) thought the membranous sac attached to the ciliated and 

 tubular segmental organ only a receptacle for the ova, and not an ovary. The segmental 

 organs are limited to a few of the thoracic segments, and consist of a series of primary 

 and secondary tubes linked together in a remarkable manner, and having attached to 

 them fimbriated masses into which the ova or sperms are discharged. Each loop, he 

 states, is a representative of a segmental organ. No special distribution of the green 

 blood-system occurs in connection with these structures. 



De Quatrefages (18C5) placed the Chlorasmidas between the CirratulidaB and the 

 Nereidas, and his previous memoir on the group had familiarised him with their chief 

 structural features. The arrangement of the processes on the head and anterior region 

 reminded him of certain Sabellids. With the exception of his genus Lophiocephalus, the 

 feet are biramous. The digestive system is complicated by a series of pouches, which 

 perform, he thinks, the functions of veritable stomachs. The blood is green. He was of 

 opinion that they linked the Errant to the Sedentary annelids. This author arranged 

 them as follows : 



Body covered with papilhe, Chlormma. 



Body without papilla or with small papillae. 



Head protected by long bristles ; all the feet biramous. Head very distinct, Svphono- 

 stoma. Head indistinct, Pherusa, Only the first pair of feet biramous, Lophiocephalus . 

 Head entirely concealed, Brada. 



