BRADA. 103 



have narrow segments at the base and for a long distance outward, then toward the tip 

 the segments increase in length, but irregularly, two, three, or four short segments being 

 followed by a longer, and so on, to the delicately tapered tip. In some instances the 

 smaller segments are incomplete— the lines running only partially inward. The ventral 

 of the first set are a little shorter, but show the same structure. The second series is 

 considerably shorter, but conforms to the same type. These bristles likewise pass for- 

 ward and have only a trace of a curvature toward the tip, viz. ventrally in the dorsal and 

 dorsally in the ventral. The dorsal bristles of the third series are shorter and more 

 slender, but also go forward as a fan, and their tips are slightly curved ventrally. The 

 ventral have increased in strength and form a stiff fan of comparatively long bristles, 

 which spread upward and inward dorsally, so that much of the fan is seen from the 

 dorsal surface. They taper from base to apex, and the segments increase gradually in 

 length toward the tip, which generally is abraded. These would appear to be of con- 

 siderable service to the annelid in its tunnel in the mud. Long papillae occur on the 

 dorsal division of this and the adjoining feet. The fourth foot has slender dorsal bristles 

 passing forward, and ventrally a row of stiff, flattened hooks (Plate CIV, fig. 5 b) with 

 closely articulated shafts and broad, flattened, translucent hedge-bill-like tips, with a well- 

 marked hook. Oblique striae occur as the transverse lines (at the articulations) wane. 

 Besides these is a form (Plate CIV, fig. 5 c), simply curved like a tapering spatula and 

 having articulations nearly to the tip. The dorsal bristles form somewhat stiff fans 

 directed slightly forward and upward and extending to the posterior end of the fragment. 

 The ventral hooks again remain of the broad knife-shape (Plate CIV, fig. 5 d) only for a 

 short distance, gradually becoming more elongated (Plate CIV, fig. 5 e) posteriorly, atypical 

 foot there showing about five rigid hooks with a slight curvature of the shaft, and ending 

 in a point (generally abraded) with only a trace of a bend near the tip. These would 

 thus act as lever-like spines, whilst the anterior are more adapted for clinging. 



This species has certain resemblances to S. plumosa, but is distinguished by the form 

 of the body, the shorter anterior region, fewer segments, and the nature of the bristles 

 and hooks. 



Genus XCII. — Brada, Stimpson. 



Generic Characters. — The distinctions between Brada and Stylarioides do not rest on 

 the absence of the frontal bristles, as De Quatrefages states, for the first and second 

 pairs of dorsal bristles, though short, are fairly conspicuous. Moreover, one section of the 

 genus, viz. that represented by Brada villosa, H. Rathke, leans closely to Stylarioides, 

 especially that group with more or less straight ventral bristles, yet they are distinguished 

 by the genital papillae between the fourth and fifth bristled segments in Brada — even in 

 the elongated type with forty-five segments. The setigerous process for the ventral 

 bristles is more distinct in Brada, and may show a circlet of papillae at its base. The 

 palpi and numerous filiform branchiae in two groups characterise Brada, as well as 

 Stylarioides. In Brada the ovaries form dense clusters in the sixth, seventh, and eighth 

 bristled segments, that is, behind the genital papilla?. Some species of Brada, e.g. 

 B. rnamillata, have a wide distribution, for Grrube describes this from Kerguelen. 



