148 NERINE CIRRATULUS. 



Some confusion seems to have crept into Dr. Johnston's (1865) description and 

 figures, for part of his description of Nerine coniocephala would apply to Nerine cirratulus 

 Delle Chiaje, whilst his figure indicates N. foliosa. 



Mesnil (1896) does not feel certain that the species described as N. coniocephala by 

 Cunningham is N. foliosa. It has four eyes. He would refer Johnston's species to the 

 genus Spio, but this change is a doubtful one. 



2. Nerine cirratulus, Delle Chiaje, 1829. Plate XC, fig. 2; Plate XCI, fig. 4; Plate 

 XCVII, figs. 2— 2c— feet; Plate XOVIII, fig. 1— head; Plate XCIV, figs. 4—6 and 

 12 — ova and larvse ; Plate CV, figs. 1 — 1 d — bristles and hook. 



Specific Characters. — Head acutely pointed anteriorly, the central process passing 

 backward to end in the median tentacle. Median ridge supported by the buccal segment 

 on each side, so that the snout appears to be trilobed. Byes four, small, the anterior pair 

 wider apart, situated in front of the occipital tentacle. Body 6 — 8 in. in length and 

 possessing about 200 segments, tapering a little anteriorly and much more so posteriorly 

 where it ends in a crenate anus (semicircular, bilobed membranous process under which 

 opens the anus, Claparede and Lo Bianco). General colour greenish, deepest in front with 

 the exception of the snout which is pale or pinkish. The Mediterranean forms are said 

 to be rose-red (Cams). Feet with the branchias from the second backward. The dorsal 

 lamella is attached to the outer edge of the branchise in front and at first has two divisions 

 (e. g. from the tenth to the twenty-fifth), then it becomes single and hatchet-shaped and 

 is fixed only to the base of the branchia. Bristles of this division dappled, with a long 

 and finely tapered upper series and a shorter lower series, mostly with traces of wings. 

 Ventral lamella deep and prominent in front, then it increases in vertical length, becomes 

 narrower and is in three divisions, an upper with a free lobe at first, a middle, and a 

 ventral conical portion. Winged hooks appear in the ventral division about the forty- 

 fifth (Mesnil says thirty-eighth to forty-third), and in the upper division about the eightieth 

 (Mesnil forty-eighth to fiftieth). The winged hooks have a small, blunt fang with a spike 

 on the crown above. 



Synonyms. 

 1789. Lumbricus squamatus, 0. F. Muller. Zool. Danica, Bd. in, p. 39, Taf. civ, fig. 1 — 5. 

 I 829 - j} cirratulus, Delle Chiaje. Memorie, vol. iv, p. 177, Tav. 64, fig. 16. 



1841. „ w idem. Descrizione, pi. 166, fig. 16, and hi, p. 84, and v, p. 99. 



1843. Malacoceros longirostris, De Quatrefages. Mag. de Zool. (2) An. 5, p. 8, pi. iii, figs. 7 and 8. 

 1853. Nereis foliata, Dalyell. Powers Creat., i, p. 155, pi. xx, figs. 11—18. 

 1865. Malacoceros longirostris, De Quatrefages. Annel. i, p. 444. 



1868. Nerine cirratulus, Claparede and Mecznikow. Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., xix, p. 163 (young). 

 „ idem. Ann. Nap., p. 326, pi. xxiv, fig. 1. 



idem. Annel. Sedent., pp. 15, 24, 53, 64, 70, 71, 100, 102, 107, 120, pi. xv. 

 agilis, Verrill. U.S. Comm. Fish., i, 1873, p. 346 and 600. 

 heteropoda, Webster. Trans. Albany Inst., ix, pi. viii, fig. 103—110. 

 cirratulus, Carus. Fauna Medit., p. 256. 



„ Cunningham and Eamage. Trans. E. Soc. Edinb.,xxxiii, p. 637,pl.xxxvi,fig.2. 



„ Cunningham. Quart. Journ. Micr. Sc, vol. xxviii, N.s., p. 246, pi. xviii, fig. 7 — 9. 



1870. 

 1873. 



1879. 



1884-5 



1888. 



