244 CIRRATULUS TBNTACULATUS. 



1888. Cirratulus tentaculatus, Cunningham and Ramage. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb., vol. xxxiii, p. 646, 



pis. xxxviii, and xxxix, fig. 10. 

 „ „ „ Marenzeller. Polych. Angra Peq. Bncht., Zool. Jahrb., Bd. hi, p. 18. 



1891. „ }} Hornell. Trans. Biol. Soc. Liverp., vol. v, p. 253. 



1893. Audouinia jiligera, Lo Bianco. Atfci Accad Sc. Napoli, 2 d ser., vol. v, p. 4. 



1894. ,, tentaculata, De St. Joseph. Ann. Sc. nat., 7 e ser., t. xvii, p. 48, pi. iii, figs. 55 — 57. 

 1898. Cirratulus tentaculatus, Michaelsen. Polych. deutsch. Meere, p. 144. 



1901. Audouinia jiligera, Ehlers. Polych. Magell. u. Chil., p. 183. 



1904. ,, tentaculata, Journ. M. B. A., vol. vii, p. 228. 



1907. „ Jiligera, Fauvel. Bull. Inst. Ocean., No. 107, p. 17. 



1909. „ „ Lo Bianco. Mitt. Zool. St. Neapel, Bd. xix, p. 577. 



1910. Cirratulus tentaculata, Southern. Proc. Boy. Irish Acad., vol. xxviii, p. 237. 

 „ Audouinia ,, Elwes. Journ. M. B. A., vol. ix, p. 63. 



1911. Cirratulus tentaculatus, Mcintosh. Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. vii, p. 151. 



1914. „ „ Southern. Proc. Boy. Irish Acad., vol. xxxi, no. 47, p. 107. 



Habitat. — Abundant under stones on muddy and sandy ground between tide-marks, 

 or in blackish odoriferous muddy sand all round the shores of Britain from Shetland to 

 the Channel Islands, and from the Forth to Valencia. Such muddy sand, indeed, is often 

 quite furrowed by them, and their trailing vermiform tentacles stretch as deep orange 

 threads in all directions. They also frequent the chinks of aluminous shale and other 

 rocks, and the empty holes of Plwlas crispata, from which they are dragged with difficulty. 

 Young specimens occur in tubes on the sandstone rocks, coast of Devonshire (Montagu) ; 

 Plymouth ; Malahide, Co. Dublin (R. I. A.) ; Stennick's Island, Skerries, Blacksod Bay, 

 and other western shores (Southern) ; Torquay (Elwes) ; Dublin ; Baltimore Bay, Co. Cork, 

 along with Nereis cultrifera (Father Davies). 



Abroad it is recorded from the shores of France (Audouin & Edwards, De Quatre- 

 fages, De St. Joseph), Madeira and Canaries (Langerhans, Fauvel), Mediterranean 

 (Panceri, etc.). 



Bead (Plate XCI, fig. 1) conical, with, on each side, a short distance from the tip, an 

 oblique depression sloping outward and backward, and from the point at which these 

 converging grooves meet a ridge runs forward to the tip of the snout. Ventrally a deep 

 sulcus leads backward to the mouth, which is bounded posteriorly by a thick transverse 

 lip. In some from Lochmaddy a little pigment occurs on the snout at the posterior and 

 outer angle of the triangular anterior region, thus simulating eyes ; indeed, the pigment 

 is occasionally symmetrically arranged. In others from Guernsey and Herm a distinct 

 band of ocular points passes from one side of the base of the prostomium to the other, 

 just in front of the constriction indicating the region. A variety with a blackish snout is 

 met with in Herm, and. Dr. Sorby sent some in a similar condition from the estuary of the 

 Orwell near Ipswich. 



Body 6 — 9 inches in length, rounded on the dorsum, flattened ventrally, tapered 

 anteriorly and more distinctly but gradually diminished posteriorly, where it ends in a 

 pointed tail, the slit-like anus being dorsal, whilst on the ventral median line is a small 

 process like a rudimentary cirrus (Plate XCII, fig. 1, and Plate XCVIII, fig. 18), and 

 some show in lateral view a process above and a little in front of the ventral papilla, the 

 anus being between. Others, again, have a large terminal anus with a rim and no 



