40 BARNES AND McDUNNOUGH: CATOCALA 



5. Pretiosa Lintner seems to be a form of this species with less brown shading on the primaries along the inner margin 

 It should be borne in mind that the "polygama Guenee," referred to by Lintner, Saunders, and others of the older authors 

 is not the true species but probably what we have designated as blandula Hulst. The two species, blandula and cratoeai 

 with its variety pretiosa, have been constantly confused; the larvae are, however, totally distinct as may be seen by a 

 reference to our figure of blandula and Saunders' description of cratcegi larva, which is stated to possess a long fleshy horn 

 and is much the same as, if not identical with, that of mira Grote. We have no knowledge regarding the material which 

 served for the figure of the larva given here by Beutenmuller. Crat&gi is more contrastingly brown and white in the 

 color of its primaries, and the t. a. and t. p. lines do not approach each other nearly so closely in the submedian fold as 

 they do in blandula, where they at times actually touch. 



Owing to the manner in which the species has been misidentified, it is difficult to arrive at the correct area of dis- 

 tribution of the true species. As far as we can tell, it ranges through Canada from Manitoba to Nova Scotia and is com- 

 mon in the New England and northern Atlantic Coast States. We have several specimens of what seems to be a slightly 

 larger form of this species labelled "Tennessee" and "Florida" but have no knowledge of their origin. Records from 

 the Middle West may refer to the following species. 



Catocala mira Grote 



Plate X, figs. 2 and 3; PL XIII, fig. 12 (larva); PL XV, fig. 22 (larval head); PL XV, fig. 36, and 

 PL XVI, fig. 4 (segments); PL XXII, fig. 20 (clasper). 



Catocala mira Grote, 1876, Can. Ent., VIII, p. 230; 1882, 111. Ess. Noct. North Amer., p. 70, PL iv, fig. 43. Barnes and McDunnough, 



1918, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXXVIII, p. 172. 

 Catocala polygama Holland (nee Guenee), 1903, Moth Book, p. 268, PL xxxiv, fig. 13. 



Fresh specimens of the typical mira from the Plains States have a distinct bluish gray cast to the primaries and 

 differ further from cratwgi in lacking the brown shades at base and along inner margin and the white shades in the median 

 area; older specimens and those from more southern points have a tendency to become slightly brownish as in figures 

 2 and 3 of plate X. Holland's figure of jacquenetta (PL xxxv, fig. 5), as well as that of polygama, should probably also 

 be referred to this species. 



As we have already stated, mira may prove to be merely a form of cratwgi but, until the two can be bred side by side, 

 we prefer to keep them separate. 



The species inhabits the central Plains States, extending down the Mississippi Valley into Texas and eastward along 

 the Ohio Valley into western Pennsylvania (Pittsburg and New Brighton) and the extreme western portion of New York 

 (Jamestown). 



Catocala grynea (Cramer) 



Plate IX, fig. 16; PL X, fig. 10; PL X, fig. 37 (larval head); PL XII, fig. 8 (larva); PL XXII, fig. 21 (clasper). 



Phalazna grynea Cramer, 1779, Pap. Exot., Ill, PL covin, figs. F. and H. 

 Catocala polygama Guenee, 1852, Hist. Nat. Spec. Gen. Lep., VII, p. 105, PL xvi, fig. 2. 

 Catocala nuptula Walker, 1857, Cat. Lep. Het. Brit. Mus., XIII, p. 1205. 

 Catocala grynea ab. constans Hulst, 1884, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, VII, p. 36. 

 Catocala grynea Beutenmuller, 1902, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XVI, p. 382. 



This common species may be known by the dull olive-gray primaries with obsolescent maculation and a distinct 

 ferruginous shade on inner margin beyond t. p. line. Guenee's figure of polygama is very poor but we do not see to what 

 other species it can be referred; it is certainly not blandula. Constans Hulst (PI. X, fig. 10) is an aberration with the 

 secondaries largely suffused with black. 



The full life-history has yet to be recorded; the mature larva is, however, well-known, the dorsal horn placing it in 

 this group. 



The species is wide-spread and occurs throughout the eastern half of Canada and the United States, with the excep- 

 tion of the Gulf States and Texas. 



