BARNES AND McDUNNOUGH: CATOCALA 45 



Catocala arnica (Hubner) 



Plate VIII, fig. 20; PI. IX, figs. 11-15; PL X, fig. 39 (larval head) ; PI. XII, fig. 12 (larva); PI. XXII, fig. 33 (clasper). 



Ephesia arnica Hubner, 1815, Zutr. Exot. Schmett., p. 14, Figs. 57 and 58. 



Corisce arnica Hubner, 1825, Verz. Bek. Schmett., p. 279. 



Catocala arnica Beutenmuller, 1902, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XVI, p. 384, PI. lii, fig. 3 (larva); idem., 1907, XXIII, p. 145. 



Rowley and Berry, 1910, Ent. News, XXI, p. 448 (larva). 

 Catocala androphila Guenee, 1852, Hist. Nat. Spec. Gen. Lep., VII, p. 106. 

 Catocala lineella Grote, 1872, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, IV, p. 18. 



Catocala arnica var. nerissa Hy. Edwards, 1880, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, III, p. 61. 

 Catocala arnica var. suffusa Beutenmuller, 1903, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XIX, p. 508. 

 Catocala arnica var. androphila Beutenmuller, 1907, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXIII, p. 146. 

 Catocala arnica subsp. novanglicB Reiff, 1916, The Lepidopterist, I, p. 12, PI. n, figs. 1 and 2. 

 Catocala arnica form melanotica Reiff, 1916, The Lepidopterist, I, p. 15. 

 Catocala arnica form aurantiaca Reiff, 1916, The Lepidopterist, I, p. 15. Dyar, 1917, The Lepidopterist, I, p. 31. 



As Beutenmuller has pointed out, the typical form, according to Hiibner's figure, has an olivaceous-gray tinge to 

 the primaries, distinct maculation, but no curved dark apical shade; figure 11 of plate IX is closest to this conception 

 but rather darker in ground color. Androphila Guenee was merely a name proposed to replace arnica Hubner which 

 Guenee considered preoccupied by Hadena arnica Treitschke and, as such, has no status and cannot be used to designate 

 any variety or form of arnica, as proposed by Beutenmuller (Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXIII, p. 146), but becomes 

 an absolute synonym of this species, Hiibner's name being perfectly valid. Grote,. considering Guenee's description of 

 androphila to be that of typical arnica and applicable to a form with the dark, apical, curved mark (Fig. 14), redescribed 

 the typical form (or a slightly darker variety of it) as lineella. He gave no definite localities and his type cannot be found 

 but, according to the description, figure 11 would be quite typical. 



Nerissa H. Edwards was applied to a form from Texas with deep blackish primaries, sparsely mottled with white; we 

 have not seen the type but presume Beutenmuller's figure (PI. VIII, fig. 20) is correct. We would note that the t. p. line 

 is not nearly so dentate in this figure as in typical arnica and have quite a number of specimens from Texas and Arkansas 

 before us which show this peculiarity; others, however, from the same locality agree in this respect with arnica so that 

 the variation may be merely individual; the black spot at the anal angle of the secondaries is also very heavy in nerissa, 

 as compared with the minute spot of arnica; breeding is very necessary to determine the status of this form. Holland's 

 figure of nerissa (PL xxxn, fig. 20) is best referred to typical arnica; his figure 16 is a pale arnica and his figure 19 cannot 

 be lineella as it shows the curved apical mark; it is what Grote called androphila but apparently has no valid name. 



Suffusa Beutenmuller (Fig. 15) was described from three specimens in the Barnes Collection from widely divergent 

 localities (Florida, Texas, and Iowa) . As it is possible that more than one race is involved in these types we would restrict 

 the name to the female type from Harris County, Texas, which is figured in this paper but which is erroneously marked 

 by Beutenmuller on the type label as a male. 



Recently Reiff has described and figured a race from the New England States as novangliw; this race is unknown to us. 

 In the same paper he proposes the term melanotica for " suffused specimens of arnica which are not nerissa," which he con- 

 siders to be purely Texan; as, however, he has failed to note that arnica was originally based on Georgian material and 

 considers " Pennsylvania" material to be typical, it is quite impossible to determine to what form the name melanotica 

 must be applied, especially as no mention is made of individual types or type localities. A still more poorly grounded 

 name is his aurantiaca, which was originally a collective term for all specimens — no matter to what form they belonged — 

 which showed a rather deeper yellow tone on the secondaries; this name was very properly limited by Dr. Dyar to the 

 deeper colored specimens of the race novanglia; even so, we believe the name to be quite superfluous. 



The life-history of the species is incomplete and, until we know more concerning the larvse of the various southern 

 forms, it is impossible to list them correctly. 



The species in one form or another extends throughout the eastern half of the United States, reaching northward 

 into southern Ontario and Maine. 



Catocala jair Strecker 



Plate IX, figs. 10 and 20; PI. -XXII, fig. 32 (clasper). 

 Catocala jair Strecker, 1897, Ent. News, VIII, p. 116. 



This species is closely allied to arnica but differs in the straighter and less dentate t. p. line and the broad brown-shaded 



