46 



BARNES AND McDUNNOUGH: CATOCALA 



band following this line. We believe that specimens from Ohio which have been distributed as jair should be referred 

 to nerissa Hy. Edwards, as figured on plate VIII, figure 20; they show the non-dentate t. p. line but lack entirely the 

 brown subterminal shade which seems even more constant and characteristic than the shape of the t. p. line. 



The type specimens (thirty in number) were taken in the Indian River region of Florida and since that time the 

 species has remained almost unknown. Recently (Ent. News, XXI, p. 385), it has been reported from Lakehurst New 

 Jersey; if this identification be correct, collectors in this region should endeavor to secure ova and obtain the life-history 

 Beutenmuller (Ent. News, XXII, p. 140) records a dark form from Texas but this identification is very doubtful and prob- 

 ably should be referred to nerissa. 



The following two species have been included by Mr. Beutenmuller in the genus Catocala but, in our opinion, must 

 be removed and placed in separate genera. The life-history of one of these species, nubilis, has been shown by Mr. Rothke 

 (1912, Entom. Rundschau, XXIX, pp. 67-76) to be distinctly non-catocaline; the egg is different, the larva is distinct, 

 and there are two annual generations, the pupa hibernating, whereas in Catocala there is always only a single generation 

 and the egg hibernates. This difference in the life cycle warrants a separation and this is further confirmed by the male 

 claspers, which are totally distinct from anything found in the Catocala group, being very primitive in character and 

 lacking the harpe. 



Regarding the other species, elonympha, little is apparently known of the early stages, although we have Wasmuth's 

 statement (1911, Ent. News, XXII, p. 139) that the egg is vastly different from the ordinary Catocala egg. Furthermore, 

 it would appear from the records (Engel, Ann. Cam. Mus., 1908, p. 69) that this species also is double-brooded and prob- 

 ably has a life cycle similar to that of nubilis. The male claspers are also extraordinarily different and, besides being 

 strongly asymmetrical, show a complicated armature which may best be understood by a reference to the figure. 



For the above reasons, therefore, we have placed these two species in the genera Euparthenos and Ephesia 

 respectively. 



Euparthenos Grote 



Euparthenos nubilis (Hiibner) 



Plate VII, figs. 1-4; PL XXI, fig. 20 (clasper). 



Parthenos nubilis Hubner, 1822, Samml. Exot. Schmett., II, PL ccxv. 



Euparthenos nubilis Grote, 1876, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, XI, p. 301. Rothke, 1912, Ent. Rundschau, XXIX, pp. 67-69 and 



74-76 (larva). 

 Catocalirrhus nubilis Andrews, 1877, Can. Ent., IX, p. 20. 



Catocala nubilis v&r.fasciata Beutenmuller, 1907, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXIII, p. 150. 

 Parthenos nubilis var. apache Poling, 1901, Can. Ent., XXXIII, p. 129. 



Hubner' s figure is based on a female specimen; in this sex the primaries are normally almost entirely suffused with 

 black shades as in plate VII, figure 1. The male (Fig. 2) is much more shaded with white, and Beutenmuller's fasciata 

 (Fig. 3) is based on a specimen of this sex with slightly more extended white shading than usual; as, however, the amount 

 of white suffusion is quite variable, we see no reason for retaining the name. The race apache Poling (Fig. 4) from Arizona 

 has the black banding on the secondaries much reduced. 



The species extends from the southern New England States along the Atlantic Coast to North Carolina and west- 

 ward through the Ohio Valley region to the Mississippi River. We have specimens from Vicksburg, Mississippi, so that 

 its range will probably be found to be more extended than our present records indicate. It is recorded as rare in Kansas 

 (Proc. Kan. Acad. Sci., IV, p. 50). In the North it is found in Wisconsin and Iowa and is quite common in southern 

 Ontario. 



