28 BARNES AND McDUNNOUGH: CATOCALA 



certain forms of pura. Generally speaking, the more unicolorous forms are distinguished from unijuga by the greater 

 prominence of the black costal spot enclosing the reniform. 



It is probable that this species is the eastern representative of the Rocky Mountain pura; the larva? are very similar 

 although there are sufficient small differences present to make it advisable to regard the two forms as specifically distinct. 



As the species has not generally been recognized, the range of distribution has not been thoroughly worked out. We 

 have a single specimen labelled "Maine"; Winn records it in his Quebec List and we have a good series from northern 

 Ontario. It has been listed from Manitoba (1913, Rep. Ent. Soc. Ont., XXXVI, p. 121) but such specimens may possibly 

 belong to pura. 



Catocala pura Hulst 



Plate IV, fig. 1; PL XI, fig. 14, PL XIV, fig. 3 (larva); PL XV, fig. 13 (larval head); PL XV, fig. 35, and PL XVI, 



fig. 5 (segments); PL XX, figs. 29 and 30 (claspers). 



Catocala pura Hulst, 1880, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, II, p. 96. Barnes and McDunnough, 1913, Psyche, XX, p. 196 (larva). 

 Catocala pura var. nigra Eastman, 1916, The Lepidopterist, I, p. 2. 



This species is very variable in the maculation of the primaries; the typical form is that figured on plate IV, figure 1; 

 specimens are frequently found with the black basal dash extended through the entire submedian fold; other specimens 

 show a maculation very similar to that of semirelida (Fig. 2), culminating in the form nigra Eastman in which the primaries 

 are strongly suffused with black, with the t. a. and t. p. lines edged broadly with white. This latter form is very easily 

 confused with hermia but can generally be separated by the fact that the thorax shows distinct black lines on the patagia 

 in the pura forms, while in hermia forms it is almost unicolorous gray. 



The species is common throughout Colorado and Utah, extending southward into New Mexico (Las Vegas and Fort 

 Wingate) and Arizona (White Mountains). It has been reported from Cartwright, Manitoba (1908, Rep. Ent. Soc. Ont., 

 XXXVIII, p. 122) but this needs further confirmation; among the Catocalas sent us for identification from the Heath 

 Collection there were no specimens of pura; Dod (1916, Rep. Ent. Soc. Ont., XLVI, p. 202) records the species from 

 Alberta, mentioning that it is probably synonymous with semirelida Grote; we have seen no specimens from this region 

 but in view of the close similarity of the two species it will be interesting to determine by breeding to which form the larvae 

 belong. 



Catocala nevadensis Beutenmuller 

 Plate V, figs. 3 and 4; PL XX, figs. 31 and 32 (claspers). 



Catocala nevadensis Beutenmuller, 1907, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXIII, p. 935. Barnes and McDunnough, 1918, Bull. Amer. 



Mus. Nat. Hist., XXXVIII, p. 167. 

 Catocala nevadensis var. montana Beutenmuller, 1907, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXIII, p. 935. 



This species is very closely related to pura and probably is merely the western race of this species. Its range of 

 variation is similar to that of pura, as may be seen by the illustrations (PI. V, figs. 3 and 4), specimens often occurring of 

 a still more even gray color than that of the form montana (Fig. 4) . 



The larva is very similar to that of pura but the few specimens we succeeded in bringing to maturity were not quite 

 identical. We regret we are unable to give a figure of the larva, as our experiments were successful too late to permit of 

 a colored drawing being made. 



As far as we know, the species extends from central California through the Sierras and Cascade Mountains to British 

 Columbia, the species listed as augusta in the 1906 British Columbian List being probably this form. Further details as 

 to its distribution, especially notes as to what form is found in the northern Rocky Mountain States, is greatly to be 

 desired. 



Catocala julietta French 



Catocala julietta French, 1916, Can. Ent., XLVIII, p. 72. 



We know nothing of this recently described species; we have repeatedly endeavored to obtain either a photograph 

 or a drawing of it but regret to state that our letters to Prof. French on the subject have been entirely ignored. The 

 author places it near jundura (walshi) on the strength of the gray tone of the primaries and of the color of the secondaries, 



