BARNES AND McDUNNOUGH: CATOCALA 27 



the dark streak through the submedian fold found in faustina. The area beyond the t. p. line shows a very distinct vertical 

 ribbing and the secondaries tend toward salmon color, in this respect resembling parta. 



Apart from Bunker's short note on the larva, nothing is known of the life-history. 



The species is wide-spread but apparently nowhere very common. It is found throughout the New England States, 

 extending south into northern New York and westward through Quebec and Ontario into Manitoba, where it is rare (1917, 

 Can. Ent., XLIX, p. 90) ; farther south, in Iowa, South Dakota, and Nebraska, it is commoner, specimens before us from 

 the last named state being very dark in appearance. We have a single specimen from Denver, Colorado, which we are 

 inclined to refer here. 



Catocala unijuga Walker 



Plate I, fig. 19; PL IV, figs. 6 and 7; PI. VIII, fig. 23; PL XIII fig. 8 (larva); PL XV, fig. 16 (larval head); 

 PL XVI, fig. 20, and PL XVII, fig. 8 (segments); PL XX, figs. 27 and 28 (claspers). 



Catocala unijuga Walker, 1857, Cat. Lep. Brit. Mus., XIII, p. 1194. Kellicott, 1881, Can. Ent., XIII, p. 38. Barnes and 



McDtjnnough, 1918, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXXVIII, p. 164. 

 Catocala beaniana Grote, 1878, Can. Ent., X, p. 195; 1883, 111. Ess. Noct. North Amer., 67, PL iv, fig. 42. 

 Catocala lucilla Worthington, 1883, Papilio, III, p. 39. 



Catocala unijuga var. fletcheri Beutenmuller, 1903, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XIX, p. 509. 

 Catocala unijuga var. agatha Beutenmuller, 1907, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXIII, p. 936. 

 Catocala helena Cassino (nee Eversmann), 1917, The Lepidopterist, I, p. 61, PL iv. 

 Catocala patricia Cassino, 1917, The Lepidopterist, I, p. 104. 



This species is larger than briseis and entirely lacks the brown band following the t. p. line; the whitish area before the 

 reniform and the practical lack of the vertical ribbing are characteristic. Plate IV, figure 6, represents the typical form. 

 A dark, suffused form has been named agatha by Beutenmuller and figure 7 is that of the unique type specimen; we have a 

 somewhat similar specimen from Cartwright, Manitoba, and two others with almost unicolorous blackish primaries from 

 the vicinity of Provo, Utah. On plate VIII, figure 23, is figured a specimen which Beutenmuller has labelled beaniana 

 Grote. We have never been able satisfactorily to place this form; several years ago we saw the unique type from northern 

 Illinois in the British Museum and noted that it was a worn specimen but seemed to be unijuga with the basal area shaded 

 with blackish; this agrees with Beutenmuller's figure, but, until more and fresher specimens come to hand, we regard the 

 position as doubtful. An aberration in which the red of the hind wings has become suffused with black is fletcheri Beuten- 

 muller, the type being figured on plate I, figure 19. We cannot separate lucilla Worthington, of which the type series is 

 in the Barnes Collection, from unijuga, in spite of Worthington's attempt to point out distinctions. 



Patricia Cassino (helena Cassino nee Eversman) has recently been described as a good species from Vineyard, Utah, 

 but, as far as we can judge by the half-tone figure, is merely another form of unijuga, possibly representing a Rocky Moun- 

 tain race. 



The distinctive features of the larva, as compared with briseis and its allies, have already been pointed out by us in 

 our account of the life-history. 



The species is very common throughout Canada, extending from Quebec and Ontario westward through Manitoba 

 into the Northwest Provinces (Saskatchewan and Alberta). In the United States its area of distribution is rather more 

 extended towards the south than that of the preceding species, as it has been reported from Pennsylvania and various states 

 north of the Ohio River and also from the vicinity of St. Louis, Missouri (1914, Ent. News, XXV, p. 59). In the Rocky 

 Mountain region it has been rarely taken, the only specimens known to us being the two aforementioned ones from 

 Provo, LTtah, in the Barnes Collection and the female type of patricia Cassino. 



Catocala semirelicta Grote 

 Plate IV, fig. 2; PL XIV, fig. 9 (larva); PL XV, fig. 19 (larval head); PL XVI, fig. 16, and PL XVII, fig. 9 (segments). 



Catocala semirelicta Grote, 1874, 6th Ann. Rep. Peab. Acad. Sci., p. 35. Barnes and McDtjnnough, 1918, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. 

 Hist., XXXVIII, p. 166. 



In the type, which we have examined, and in the majority of the specimens before us there is a distinct broad dark 

 shade from the base of the wing along the submedian fold to near the anal angle; as in pur a, however, certain specimens 

 lack this dash and are more suffused with gray, making them difficult to separate from unijuga and still more so from 



