26 BARNES AND McDUNNOUGH: CATOCALA. 



The species is found in the central Rocky Mountain States; we possess it from western Colorado (Glenwood Spring 

 and Utah; and Snow records it from Idaho Springs, Colorado, and Las Vegas, New Mexico. More intensive collecting 

 will probably disclose a wider range than the above mentioned states. 



Catocala briseis Edwards 



Plate III, figs. 5, 6, and 8; PI. XIII, fig. 7 (larva); PI. XV, fig. 17 (larval head); PL XVI, fig. 17, 

 and PI. XVII, fig. 4 (segments); PL XX, figs. 21 and 22 (claspers). 



Catocala briseis Edwards, 1864, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. II, p. 508; Strecker, 1872, Lep. Rhop. Het., p. 20, PL in, fig. 7. Barnes and 



McDunnotjgh, 1918, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXXVIII, p. 162. 

 Catocala briseis var. albida Betjtenmuller, 1907, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXIII, p. 936. 

 Catocala minerva Cassino, 1917, The Lepidopterist, I, p. 63, PL iv. 



This well-known species is not liable to be confused in its typical form with any other of its allies. This form is shown 

 on plate III, figure 5; the broad band following the t. p. line and showing the distinct vertical ribbing to which we have 

 several times alluded is quite characteristic. In Manitoba the species tends to paler forms culminating in albida Beuten- 

 muller, the type of which is figured on plate III, figure 8; figure 6 is a transitional form, probably also from Manitoba, 

 which is fairly common. In Utah the species is very large and occurs in two forms, a dark one very similar to the typical 

 form and a paler, rather even gray one which has been described as a new species by S. Cassino under the name minerva 

 but which we think without doubt should be referred to briseis. 



The larva is closely allied to those of verecunda, calif ornica, hermia, luciana, and faustina, and possibly to a few other 

 species of which the early stages are unknown (allusa and cleopatra). 



The species is entirely northern in its distribution and occurs through Canada from Newfoundland to British Columbia; 

 it extends southward through the New England States to New York and New Jersey. Ehrman records it as rare in the 

 vicinity of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (1892, Ent. News, III, p. 169) but Engel omits it in his List of Lepidoptera of Western 

 Pennsylvania so that apparently the species has disappeared from this neighborhood. Westcott records it from Cook 

 County, Illinois (1876, Can. Ent., VIII, p. 16) and it is found in Michigan, Wisconsin, and the border states farther west. 

 In the Rocky Mountain region, our only records are from the vicinity of Provo, Utah, but it probably occurs in the 

 neighboring states; we also have the species from eastern Washington where it tends to forms similar to those found in 

 Manitoba. 



Catocala grotiana Bailey 



Plate III, fig. 7; PL XIV, fig. 4 (larva); PL XV fig. 4 (larval head); PL XVI, fig. 15, and PL XVII, fig. 2 (segments); 



PL XX, figs. 23 and 24 (claspers). 



Catocala grotiana Bailey, 1879, North Amer. Ent., I, p. 21. Barnes and McDunnotjgh, 1918, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXXVIII, 

 p. 163. 



Superficially, this species resembles briseis but may be distinguished by its larger size, the broad, white s. t. band 

 and the fact that the t. p. line rarely has a strong inward bend above the inner margin. 



The larva, when mature, is totally different from that of briseis, thus amply establishing the validity of the species. 

 It would appear to be most closely related to the pur a group. 



The species is rather rare in the central Rocky Mountain States beyond the divide. We have specimens from Glen- 

 wood Springs, Colorado, and the vicinity of Provo, Utah. Snow (Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci, VIII, p. 38) reports it from Las 

 Vegas, New Mexico, and Beutenmiiller's manuscript records "Huachuca Mts., Arizona." The record from the Kaslo 

 district of British Columbia given by Dyar (1904, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXVII, p. 878) needs verification; it is probably 

 based on a form of briseis. 



Catocala meskei Grote 



Plate IV, fig. 8; PL XX, figs. 25 and 26 (claspers). 



Catocala meskei Grote, 1873, Can. Ent., V, p. 161. Bunker, 1883, Can. Ent., XV, p. 100 (larva). 

 Catocala rosalinda Hy. Edwards, 1880, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, III, p. 55. 



This species is often confused with unijuga; it is, however, paler in the color of the primaries, with a tendency to show 



