]4 BARNES AND McDUNNOUGH: CATOCALA 



Catocala maBstosa (Hulst) 



Plate I, fig. 20; PL X, fig. 25 (larval head); PL XI, fig. 7 (larva); PL XIX, figs. 5 and 6 (claspers). 



Catocala vidua Guenee {nee Abbot and Smith), Hist. Nat. Spec. Gen. Lep., VII, p. 94. 



Catocala viduata Guenee, 1852, Hist. Nat. Spec. Gen. Lep, VII, p. 400. Beutenmuller, 1902, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, XVI, 



p. 385, PL lii, fig. 6 (larva). 

 Catabapta mcestosa Hulst, 1884, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, VII, p. 53. 

 Catocala guenei Grote, 1887, Can. Ent, XIX, p. 115. 

 Catocala moderna Grote, 1900, Can. Ent, XXXII, p. 191. 



Hulst's action in bestowing the name of moestosa on this species was correct according to the rules of nomenclature 

 and the species must stand under this name. Viduata Guenee, which has been used for the species, was merely a slight 

 change of the name vidua in order to avoid conflicting with other noctuid species of similar name, as can be clearly seen 

 from Guenee's remarks on page 399 of the seventh volume of his work; it was not, as claimed by some, a recognition of 

 error in the identification of Abbot's species and the proposal of a new name for an undescribed species. As names based 

 on misidentifications have no validity and as viduata was clearly based on a misidentiflcation of Abbot's species vidua, 

 the name cannot stand. 



The species is readily separable from vidua by its larger size and the lack of dark shading above inner margin of pri- 

 maries; moderna Grote is said to be based on an undersized specimen of this species and the name not worthy of being 

 retained. 



Beutenmuller's description of the mature larva is the only notice of the early stages known to us; the figure (PL XI, 

 fig. 7) is that of an immature specimen, data unknown. 



The range of the species is practically the same as that of vidua but it is generally rare in the Northern States, being 

 apparently commonest in Texas and the Gulf States. 



Catocala lacrymosa Guenee 

 Plate II, figs. 1-7; PL XIX, figs. 7 and 8 (claspers). 



Catocala lacrymosa Guenee, 1852, Hist. Nat. Spec. Gen. Lep, VII, p. 93. Rowley and Berry, 1915, Can. Ent, XLVII, p. 338 



(larva). Barnes and McDunnough, 1918, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, XXXVIII, p. 155. 

 Catocala ulalume Strecker, 1878, Lep. Rhop. Het, Mar, p. 132. 



Catocala lachrymosa var. paulina Hy. Edwards, 1880, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, III, p. 54. 

 Catocala lachrymosa var. evelina French, 1881, Papilio, I, p. 110. 

 Catocala lachrymosa var. zelica French, 1881, Papilio, I, p. 111. 

 Catocala lachrymosa var. emilia Hy. Edwards, 1881, Papilio, I, p. 117. 

 Catocala lacrymosa form albomarginata Cassino, 1917, The Lepidopterist, I, p. 104. 



This species is a very variable one. The typical form may be known by the rather contrasted appearance of the 

 maculation of the primaries with prominent white lunules on the inner margin marking the t. a. and t. p. lines; the female 

 (PL II, fig. 7) is more contrastingly marked than the male (Fig. 1). The primaries tend to become more or less suffused 

 with deep brown, which has given occasion for several names; in zelica French (Fig. 2) the brown area is confined to the 

 base and the inner side of the s. t. line, producing a form corresponding to the form phalanga of palceogama; in evelina 

 French — emilia Hy. Edwards — (Fig. 3) the brown suffuses the outer and inner margins, leaving the costal half of the 

 median area gray; and in paulina Hy. Edwards (Figs. 4 and 5) the whole wing with the exception of the outer and inner 

 margins is brown. Ulalume Strecker is a form the status of which is rather doubtful; figure 6 is taken from a cotype 

 male in the Hulst Collection at Rutgers College, New Brunswick, New Jersey, and represents a duller, more evenly colored 

 specimen than the typical male lacrymosa; the types came from the vicinity of San Antonio, Texas, and, until more 

 material from this region is available, no definite conclusions can be reached. The mature larva is unknown, our own 

 breeding experiments being successful only as far as the fourth larval stage, at which the larva is about half grown. 



The species is common in the Mississippi Valley (Arkansas and Missouri) and extends over the same territory as the 

 other species of the group. 



