BARNES AND McDUNNOUGH: CATOCALA 9 



other orange-banded species. The variety basalis Grote is merely the normal female form with a black dash at the base 

 of the wing; occasional female specimens, however, occur without this dash so that the name may be retained if desired. 



The full-grown larva has been described several times, Beutenmuller having erroneously recorded it in his paper on 

 Catocala larvse as serena. We would call particular attention to the abnormal number of larval stages (seven) as recorded 

 by us in our recent larval descriptions. 



The species ranges from Ontario and Quebec southward to Virginia and westward to the Mississippi Valley and 

 Kansas. There is no reason why it should not occur in the Gulf States but we have no records from this region. 



Catocala denussa Ehrman 



Plate VIII, fig. 25. 



Catocala denussa Ehrman, 1893, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, I, p. 152. Beutenmuller, 1913, Insec. Ins. Menst., I, p. 97. 



The only specimen known is the type male in the Ehrman Collection, captured in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. 

 Beutenmuller, who has examined the type, states that all the tibiae are spined and he is inclined to regard it as a good 

 species rather than as an aberration of habilis; we leave it so for the present. 



Catocala serena Edwards 

 Plate VII, fig. 6; PL XVIII, figs. 19 and 20 (claspers). 

 Catocala serena Edwards, 1864, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., II, p. 510. 



This species is only tentatively placed here as nothing is known of its early stages. The t. p. line is much less excurved 

 beyond the cell than in habilis and the color of the primaries is duskier. 



It occurs sparingly throughout the Mississippi and Ohio valleys, extending eastward into New York and Massachu- 

 setts and northward into southern Ontario. 



Catocala robinsoni Grote 



Plate II, figs. 9 and 10; PI. XVIII, figs. 21 and 22 (claspers). 



Catocala robinsonii Grote, 1872, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, IV, p. 20. Barnes and McDunnough, 1918, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. 



Hist., XXXVIII, p. 151. 

 Catocala robinsoni var. curvata French, 1881, Papilio, I, p. 218. 

 Catocala robinsonii var. missouriensis Schwarz, 1915, Ent. News, XXVI, p. 289, PI. x, fig. 1. 



Typical robinsoni has the primaries paler and more evenly gray than any other of the species with black secondaries 

 and white fringes. The form curvata French (PI. II, fig. 10) was described from a single female with a black basal dash and 

 a curved blackish mark from the center of the costa across the reniform to the apex of the wing; the basal dash is probably 

 merely a female characteristic which is only occasionally found in this species; we possess a single female of the type form 

 with this dash and others without this dash but with the apical dark curved mark of the curvata form; we have seen no 

 curvata males with the basal dash. The form missouriensis Schwarz is unknown to us but from the figure would seem to 

 be an extreme form of curvata with the black dash much broadened and extending obliquely from base to just below apex 

 of wing; it is worthy of note that three of the four type specimens are said to be males. Both curvata and missouriensis 

 were described from material from the Middle West (Illinois and Missouri) and we have seen no specimens of these forms 

 in eastern material, which in general is more evenly gray and less strongly marked than western specimens. The egg and 

 larva are very similar to those of habilis. A detailed account of the earlier larval stages is still needed, our own notes 

 dealing merely with the mature larva and having been drawn up from an inflated specimen. 



The species is fairly common in late August and September throughout southern Ontario and the Eastern States, 

 extending (as is usual with all the hickory-feeders) through the Mississippi and Ohio valleys. The most southerly record 

 we know of is that of Alabama for one of the types of missouriensis but we should not be surprised to find that the species 

 occurs in Texas and other Gulf States. 



