6 BARNES AND McDUNNOUGH: CATOCALA 



than the males but the difference is slight. In Arizona we meet with a much paler geographical race which has been named 

 dionyza by Hy. Edwards and is well represented on plate VI, figure 3. 



Apparently the larvse are rather variable in coloration, especially on the head segments. The figure given of the 

 head on plate X, figure 27 is one drawn by Mrs. Beutenmiiller from the larva described in Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 

 XVI, p. 389, and figured in this work on plate XI, figure 6; on plate XV, figure 8 we depict the head as we have commonly 

 found it. Rowley (1909, Ent. News, XX, p. 133) records several varieties of larvse found in the vicinity of Louisiana, 

 Missouri, but further breeding will be necessary to decide whether such considerable variability exists or whether possibly 

 two species are involved. Personally, among numerous specimens bred from the egg, we have found only slight color 

 variations present and figure 5 of plate XIII accurately represents the larva as we know it; we are rather skeptical as to 

 the specific unity of the two larvse figured on plate XI, figure 6 and plate XIII, figure 5. 



The species is rather more extended in its range than innubens, occurring in practically all the states east of the Mis- 

 sissippi River and being very common in the Mississippi and Ohio valleys; it extends westward through Texas into Arizona 

 and southward into Mexico. Beutenmiiller, in his manuscript, records it from "Canada west to British Columbia" 

 but this needs verification; neither Winn, in his List of Quebec Lepidoptera, nor Wolley Dod, in his Alberta List, men- 

 tion the species, although it is quite frequently met with in southern Ontario. 



Group III 



(Mormonia Hubner) 



Egg rather more than hemispherical. Larvse cylindrical, without either dorsal warts or lateral filaments; hickory- 

 feeders. Male claspers somewhat asymmetrical, the left valve being more highly chitinized in the dorsal area than the 

 right one, which is obliquely angled one-third from apex forming a slight blunt hook. 



We have placed the two species epione and consors in this group on account of the great similarity in the male genitalia ; 

 the maculation of the primaries would also point to a close association of the two species. Both species have the spining 

 of the fore tibiae much reduced, and single specimens possibly occur in which spines are entirely lacking, but normally 

 these are quite readily distinguishable. 



Catocala consors (Abbot and Smith) 



Plate VII, fig. 7; PL X, fig. 31 (larval head); PL XII, fig. 16 (larva); PL XVIII, figs. 7 and 8 (claspers). 



Phalcena consors Abbot and Smith, 1797, Nat. Hist. Lep. Georgia, II, p. 177, PL lxxxix. 



Catocala consors Betjtenmuller, 1902, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XVI, p. 391, PL in, fig. 18 (larva). 



The characteristic purplish hue of the primaries with prominent single black cross-lines, combined with the very 

 irregular nature of the postmedian orange band of secondaries, will readily distinguish this species from the other yellow 

 winged forms. 



The larva figured on plate XII, figure 16 is the original of Beutenmiiller's description in Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 

 XVI, p. 391. We received a single larva from Vinton, Iowa, found on a young hickory bush; it agreed excellently with 

 this description and figure but, unfortunately, it died before pupation. We have no doubt that hickory is the true food- 

 plant and that Abbot's record of False Indigo (Baptisia) and Hulst's (Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, VII, p. 40) of Myrtle 

 (Myrica) are erroneous. 



The species is rather rare but is quite wide-spread throughout the Southern States and the Mississippi and Ohio 

 valleys; it extends as far north as the states of New York and New Jersey on the East Coast and Iowa in the Middle 

 West. Snow (1875, Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci., IV, p. 51) records it from the vicinity of Lawrence, Kansas. 



Catocala epione (Drury) 

 Plate I, fig. 16; PL XIII, fig. 3 (larva); PL XV, fig. 7 (larval head); PL XVI, fig. 1 (segment); PL XVIII, figs. 5 and 6 (claspers). 



Phalcena (Noctua) epione Drury, 1770, 111. Exot. Ent., I, 47, PL xxm, fig. 2; and 1773, App. II. 



Catocala epione Dodge, 1901, Can. Ent., XXXIII, p. 225 (larva). Barnes and McDunnough, 1918, Bull Amer Mus Nat Hist 

 XXXVIII, p. 149, • • • •? 



