

INTRODUCTION. 



XXV 



confined to Pantee. B. cylindbictts is found in both Pantee and Ashantee. S. atbatus 

 extends its range to Fernando Po. B. albotibialis was procured at the Gaboon, while 

 T. camtjbus is met with from the Gaboon to the Congo. The next district on the west coast 

 that contains a species different from those already given is Angola, which has B. subqtjadbatus, 

 P. shabpii, T. easciatus, and T. melanolettctts. Of these the second and third are apparently 

 restricted to this district, or at all events they are very local in their range; but the last 

 has a very wide distribution, being met with to the southward in Ovampo and Damaraland, 

 and also across the east coast in the valley of the Shire of the Zambesi region up to 5° south 

 of the equator, and perhaps still further north. Damaraland possesses three species not yet 

 given, viz. T. ebythbobhynchtjs, T. elavibostbis, and T. monteibi. Two of these have a very 

 extended range, T. ebythbobhynchtjs having been procured, according to Schlegel, in Senegal 

 and Sennaar. It has also been obtained at Ondonga on the Okovango river, and at Lake 

 Ngami. Kirk met with it in the Zambesi region on the eastern coast ; and Sundevall gives 

 it as an inhabitant of Caffraria. T. elavibostbis is found generally from Damaraland to 

 the Transvaal, and as far north as Abyssinia. T. monteibi, however, is restricted to Benguela 

 and Damaraland. Passing now to the east coast in the enumeration of species still to be 

 mentioned, we come to the district of the Zambesi and find two fine species, B. buccinator and 

 B. cristatus. The first named is not uncommon, according to Dr. Kirk, in the mountains 

 and plains through which the Zambesi flows ; but the extent of its range is not satisfactorily 

 ascertained as yet, while B. ceistatus has been met with in the valley of the Shire river, was 

 procured by Capt. Speke and Grant in Uganda, and is also a native of Abyssinia, thus 

 appearing to be distributed throughout the length of the east coast from the Zambesi northward ; 

 but, like its relative, its range towards the interior is unknown. Two species only of those 

 restricted to the eastern part of the African continent remain to be noticed — T. deckeni and 

 T. hempbichii. The latter is not found out of Abyssinia ; and the exact locality of the former 

 is not given by its describer. B. stjbcylindbicus, whose habitat was unknown to its describer, 

 has been procured in Central Africa by Dr. Emin Bey, at a place called Gor Aju*. B. abyssinicus 

 is found in Abyssinia and Sennaar. B. pybbhops is as yet only known from the Gaboon; and 

 B. cafeb is an inhabitant of Angola, Damaraland, and Caffraria. One species remains, regarding 

 whose range we have no knowledge, viz. P. castjabinus, described by the late G. E. Gray from 

 a head found in the British Museum without any locality attached. 



Passing from the Ethiopian Region to the eastward, we come to our second zoogeographical 

 division, viz. the Oriental Eegion. This is divided into four subregions (which are quite sufficient 

 for the purpose of this review) — Indian, Ceylonese, Indo-Chinese, and Indo-Malayan. The 

 Himalayas are separated into north-west and south-east portions, the dividing line being in 

 the neighbourhood of Kitmandu. In the first two of these subregions, the Hornbills are 

 scattered throughout the whole of their extent, from the Himalayas in the north to and including 

 Ceylon in the south. In the Indo-Chinese subregion they are met with in the south-eastern 



* Pelzeln, Verh. k.-k. zool.-bot. Gesell. Wien, 1881, p. 153. 



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