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remainder brownish black, as are also the primaries, the last having a small white spot upon both 

 webs midway of their length. Underparts pure white. Tail has four central rectrices brownish 

 black, remainder white, with black base and black bar near the tip ; the outermost feather nearly 

 all white, with very little black at the base ; the white is very much less on the second ; and 

 on the third the black of the base extends upwards for more than half the length of the feather. 

 Iris yellow. Total length without bill 16 inches, wing 7, tail 8-J, bill along gape 3-j-, tarsus 1. 

 There is no difference in the plumage of the sexes. Young birds often have very dark bills. 





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