This is not -ancoraraon with plants with aerial rootlets or in water- 

 plants. It raifeht he possihle under special conditions to modify 

 the structure of roots in this respect. If roots of water-plants 

 contain chlor. it might he of advantage to the plant, since all 

 the work 'can go on near the same spot. This would save a tremendous 

 amount of expend itiire of energy. 



Monotropa xini flora . 

 Prohahly a degensrate form, since it bears scales and is one of 

 the Ericaceae. It is not a saprophyte, since it lives hy means 

 of a fungus at its roots, mycorhiza or root -fungus, a plant which 

 gets its food partly hy other plants, partly from soil, is called 

 a pymbiotic parasite. 



Thjckweeds . 

 Spirodela, Many roots. 



Lemna, One root. 

 Woaffia, No roots. 



Botanists regard duckweed as a reduced type of calla. Bladderwort 

 is also a reduced tjicpe having lost its roots. Beech, trees have 

 no root-hairs. Live as do many other trees, partly hy hhe root- 

 fungi. Same fungi cause nodules on Lequiminosae. 

 Cladoma, Keindeer lichens. 



