best protectioit against animals, liori.-^^ontal against transi^iration. 



Hairs generally found oi. shade and water plants. Kern.er suggests 



that these hairs serve to keep water out in wet tiiies. Glands as 

 in rose-petals. Kerner suggests sticky hairs prevent insects and 



ants climbing up stem, or another theory that they give help in 



their moving up and down. 



Lothelier — on spines. From examples he says drouth produces 



spines, Init drynBSs, none. Also they have been developed by different 



conditionef food and noiirishmant . 



2. V/axy coat or bloom. 



Regarded as having a protective function. 



3. Thick skia. 



Clearly a protective function. Such plants found most 

 plentifully in Arctic and Alpine regions, also in places of annual 

 rains. Hairy forms found chiefly in desert regions. Thick-skinned 

 leaf more transparent than hairy. 



4. Succulent leaf. 



Most extreme of all types. Have very thin skins. Some will 

 hold their water for several months even near fires. 



5. Lessened leaf surface. 



6. Vertical position. 



7. Leaf movement. 



8. Poisons. 



Modern view is away from protection— Case of Nettle— here 

 sting is undoubtedly for purposes of protection. 



