BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 129 



Adult Tnde.—Wmg 12&-138 (132.7) ; tail 45.5-47 (46.5) ; exposed 

 culmen 21-23 (22.2) ; tarsus 36-38 (37) ; middle toe without claw 

 33-38 (36 mm.)." 



Adult female.— Wiryg 132-137 (134.3) ; tail 48-51 (50) ; exposed 

 culmen 22; tarsus 35.5-38 (36.7); middle toe without claw 32-37 

 (34.2 mm.)."* 



Range. — Breeds in the greater part of Europe from Norway, 

 Sweden, Faeroes, to Pyrenees, north Italy, and Macedonia, east to 

 Russia, central Asia (Turkestan), and western Siberia (Lena and 

 Yenisei Eivers). 



Winters in Africa, Arabia, and (uncommonly) northern India. 



Casual in Madeira, the Canary Islands, Bermuda, Greenland (God- 

 thaab), Baffin Island (near Cape Dorset), Newfoundland (St. 

 Shotts), Nova Scotia (Pictou), Ontario, Maine (Falmouth), Ehode 

 Island (Cranston), Connecticut (Saybrook), New York (Long 

 Island), New Jersey (Salem, Bridgetown, Cape May), Pennsylvania 

 (near Philadelphia), Maryland (Hursley), and Virginia (doubtful). 



Accidental in Australia and New Zealand. 



Type locality. — Europe ; restricted type locality, Sweden. 



[Rallus'^ crex Linnaetjs, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 153 (Sweden ; based on Fauna 

 Suecica, 162) ; ed. 12, i, 1766, 261. 



Rallus crex Bbunnich, Orn. Bor., 1764, 58. — Scopoli, Bemerk. ed. Giinther, 1770, 

 124.— ScHAEFFEE, Mus. Orn., 1789, 51.— Temminck, Cat. Syst., 1807, 176.— 

 ViEiLLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., sxviii, 1819, 553.— Weight, Ibis, 1864, 145 

 (Malta). 



Rallus rex Kluk, Hist. Nat., ii, 1779, 299. 



[Qallinula'\ crex Latham, Index Orn., ii, 1790, 766. 



Gallinula crex Temminck, Man. d'Orn., ed. 2, 1820, 687; v, 1840, 439.— Webnee, 

 Atlas, Grallatores, 1827, pi. 34. — Gould, Birds Europe, iv, 1837, pi. 341 and 

 text. — Taeeell, Brit. Birds, iil, 1843, 6.— Holm, Naturh. Tiddsk., ser. 2, ii, 

 1848, 484 (Faroe Islands).— Godman, Ibis, 1861, 90 (Norway). 



Ortygometra crex Leach, Syst. Cat. Mamm., etc., Brit. Mus., 1816, 34. — Stephens, 

 Shaw's Gen. Zool., sii, pt. i, 1824, 218, pi. 26.— Haeooubt, Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 London, 1851, 146 (Madeira) .— Keinhaedt ( J.) , Jonrn. fiir Orn., 1854, 425, 441 

 (Greenland); Ibis, 1861, 11 (Godthaab, Greenland, 1 specimen, 1851).— 

 Stjndevall, Svenska Fogl., 1856, pi. 45, fig. 2.— Swikhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 London, 1863, 321 (China?).— Salvadoei, Journ. fiir Cm., 1865, 281 (Sar- 

 dinia). — Dboste, Journ. fiir Orn., 1869, 345 (Faroes). — Pbitsch, Naturg. Vog. 

 Eur., 1870, pi. 32, figs. 2, 6.— Babeatt, Ibis, 1876, 213 (Lydenburg, Transvaal). 



[Ortygometra] crex Geat, Hand-list, iii, 1871, 62, No. 10450. 



" Three specimens from Scotland, England, and Holland. 



"^ Three specimens from England, Norway, and Hungary. Witherby et al., 

 (Practical Handbook British Birds, ii, 1924, p. 828) give the following measure- 

 ments of a more extensive series: Male (15 specimens), wing 135-150, tail 

 40-50; exposed culmen 20-23; tarsus 84-43; female (number not stated), wing 

 130-145; exposed culmen 19-23 mm. 



