BIRDS OP NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 185 



supraloral band of very light buffy drab ; chin and upper throat white 

 mottled sparingly with dusky; sides of neck and all of breast and 

 upper abdomen dusky smoke gray paling to white on the mid abdomen 

 and darkening to hair brown on the sides and flanks; some of the 

 flank feathers with white markings on their outer (lateral) webs; 

 vent, under tail coverts, and under wing coverts as in adult. 



NMal down.—ToTp of head nearly bare, very scantily clothed with 

 black, hairlike down; skin at base of bill bright red; entire body and 

 wings covered with black down, the chin and throat with whitish, 

 curly tips; the down of the back with a faint greenish gloss. 



Adult male.— Wing 167-181 (174.5) ; tail 64-86 (72.2) ; culmen from 

 frontal shield 38.5-47.5 (43.2) ; tarsus 49-57 (52.7) ; middle toe without 

 claw 59-71.5 (67.2 mm.).'*'' 



Adult female.— Wing, 151.5-174 (164.2) ; tail 62-71 (66) ; culmen 

 from frontal shield 3&-42.5 (39.9) ; tarsus 45-51 (48.5) ; middle toe 

 without claw 58-67 (62.6 mm.).«^ 



Range. — Breeds in suitable marshy places from California (San 

 Francisco, the San Joaquin-Sacramento Valley as far north as Sutter 

 County, the San Diego district north to Santa Barbara) ; Nebraska 

 (Omaha, Hackberry Lake) ; South Dakota (Sioux Falls region) ; 

 Minnesota (Heron Lake, Minneapolis) ; Wisconsin (Madison; Milton; 

 Kelley Brook); Michigan (Kalamazoo; Detroit); southern Ontario 

 (Hamilton; Toronto; Pictou; Kingston; Ottawa; Point Pelee) ; Que- 

 bec (Montreal) ; Vermont (St. Albans; Lake Bomasseau) ; and Mas- 

 sachusetts (Belmont; Provincetown ; Truro; Cambridge); south to 

 southern Lower California (San Jose del Cabo) ; Mexico (Tamauli- 

 pas — ^Matamoras; Tehuantepec, Oaxaca; Mazatlan, Sinaloa; Tepic; 

 Valley of Mexico ; Peto and Cozumel Islands, Shkolok, Yucatan) ; 

 locally through Guatemala (Duefias; Amatitlan) ; Honduras (Lake 

 Yohoa) ; Nicaragua (Metapa; Tipitapa; Greytown; Los Sabalos) ; 

 and Costa Rica; to Panama (Changuinola; Almirante) ; the Gulf 

 States and Florida (throughout) ; and Bermuda ; also resident in the 

 Galapagos Islands (Chatham Island) ; Albemarle Island). 



Winters in the southern part of its range, north to California (Los 

 Angeles); Arizona (Tucson); Texas (Aransas Bay; Port Arthur; 

 Lake Surprise); Louisiana (New Orleans; Vermillion Bay); all of 

 Florida; Georgia, and to South Carolina (Ashepoo River; Cooper 

 River) . 



Casual in summer and autumn, in Colorado (Colorado Springs) ; 

 South Dakota (Vermillion, Sioux Falls area) ; Ontario (Beau- 

 mauris) ; Quebec (Quebec) ; Maine (Calais; Portland) ; New Bruns- 



* Sixteen specimens from New York, District of Columbia, Florida, Minnesota, 

 Texas, and Mexico. 

 " Ten specimens from Michigan, Elinois, Minnesota, Florida, and Mexico. 



