64 



Limu uaualoli ( Gymnogongrus vermioidaris .var. maericana and G. 

 didpUnalis), limu kohu {Asparagqpsis sanfordiana), limu aalaula 

 ( Oodium muelleri and 0. iofnentosum), limn lipoa {Dictyota acutUoba 

 var. distorta&nA iraUserisplagiogramma),sindlim\i\\Tpee'peeof several 

 varieties grow far out on the coral reefs or on exposed rocks in the 

 surf. These all have rather tough, firm holdfasts, and a stout sharp 

 knife or chisel is required to loosen them from their supports and 

 strong swimmers to gather them. Those named above are usually 

 gathered by a party in a boat, though sometimes the limu gatherers 

 venture far out on the shallow coral reefs with only their pails or bags 

 and their chisels. 



The following varieties of limu grow quite near the tide line along 

 shore, but on exposed black lava rocks in rough water: Limu akiaki 

 {Ahnfeldtia condnnd)^ limu \(Ao2>, {Qelidium capillacea, G. corneum^ 

 G. filidnum (?), G. pul/vinatum (?), G. latifoUum (?), G, attenuatum 

 (?), and Pterocladia capillacea), limu uaualoli ( Gymnogongrus disciplm- 

 alis), and limu luau {Porphyra leucosticta). These all have very tena- 

 cious holdfasts, so generally require a strong, skillful swimmer with 

 a knife or chisel to gather them in large quantities. 



Those growing near shore in quiet waters in sand or mud or on 

 small stones are easily gathered with only the bare hands, and usually 

 the older women and children gather these varieties, while the men and 

 the younger strong women gather the varieties growing in the rougher 

 or deeper water. The following are the varieties easily gathered near 

 shore: Limu eleele " {Enteromorphaprolifera, E. Iwiza, E. intestinaUs, 

 E. prolifera var. tiibulosa, and E. plumosa), limu huna {Hypnea nidi- 

 fica), limu manauea {Gracilaria coroTwpifoUa), limu pakaeleawaa or 

 limu huluhuluwaena* ( Grateloupiafilicina), limu huluilio ( Ghaetomorpha 

 antennina, Ectocarpus sp. (?), Gentroceras cla/uulatum, and SUgeoclo- 

 nium amoenum), limu pahapaha" ( JJlva fasciata and U. lactiica var. 

 rigida), limu oolu {Ohondria tenuissima var. intermedia), and limu 

 puaki {Liagora decusS'ata). There are besides a few other species 

 found only in small quantities, or in certain localities, and only eaten 

 by the Hawaiians in remote districts, or by a small group of families 

 who alone seem to appreciate their flavor, Limu luau (Porphyra leu- 

 costicta) is one of these which appears in winter or spring after heavy 



« Limu eleele \s applied to a number of slender thread-like green algse growing 

 near the mouths of streams in brackish water. Most of them are Enteromorphas. 

 On Maui the edible Enteromorphas are called by some natives limu pipilani. 



6 Limu huluhuluwaena is the native name for Orateloupia filiaina, generally used 

 on the island of Hawaii and in frequent use on Maui and Oahu, while limu pakae- 

 leawaa is the name always used on Kauai and in common use on Molokai, Maui, and 

 Oahu. 



« Limu pahapaha is applied to several Ulvas on Oahu, Molokai, Maui, and Kauai, 

 while limu pakaiea is the name for the same Ulva on Hawaii. 



