[459] INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF VINEYARD SOUND, ETC. 165 
List of external parasites observed on fishes and other marine animals of 
Southern New England. 
In the following list I have included all the determined species ob- 
served in these waters, whether living in the sounds, or in the outer 
waters, or in the brackish waters of the estuaries, for most of these par- 
_ asitic species are capable of living in as diverse conditions as do the ani- 
mals which they infest, and most of the fishes pass from time to time into 
each of the divisions named, though some, like the cod, are chiefly found 
in the colder outer waters, and even there only in winter. 
The list is undoubtedly very incomplete for it is based chiefly on col- 
lections made during two seasons, and mainly in the summer months. 
In addition to the true parasites I have, for greater convenience, in- 
cluded in the list some that merely live on or with other animals, 
either for the sake of shelter, or to feed upon their excretions, or to 
share their food. Some of these would be properly classed as ‘‘ commen- 
sals.” 
ARTICULATA. 
Crustacea. 
Pinnotheres ostreum, (p. 367,) in oysters. 
P. maculatus, in Mytilus edulis. 
Laphystius sturionis, on goose-fish and skate, (457.) 
Hyperia, species, on jelly-fishes, (439.) 
Nerocila munda, on file-fish. 
Conilera concharum. 
Livoneca ovalis, on blue-fish, (457.) 
Cepon distortus, in branchial cavity of Gelasimus, (457.) 
Ergasilus labraces, on striped-bass. 
Argulus catostomi, on the sucker, (Catostomus.) 
A. laticauda, (457.) 
A. latus. 
A. megalops. 
A. alos, on “ alewives.” 
Caligus curtus, on cod-fish. 
C. rapax, on sting-ray, (Trygon hastata.) 
Lepeophtheirus, sp., on sting-ray. 
Lepeophtheirus, sp., on flounder, (Chzenopsetta ocellaris.) 
Echthrogalus coleoptratus, on mackerel-shark, (Lamna punctata.) 
E. denticulatus, on Atwood’s shark, (Carcharodon Atwoodi.) 
Pandarus Cranchii, (?) on dusky shark, (Platypodon obscurus.) 
Pandarus, sp., on Atwood’s shark, (Carcharodon Atwoodi.) 
Nogagus Latreillii, on Atwood’s shark, (457.) 
N. tenax, on Atwood’s shark, (457.) 
Pandarus sinuatus, on the “ dog-fish,” (Mustelus canis.) 
Cecrops Latreillii, on Othagoriscus mola. 
