188 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [482] 
! 
Parypha crocea, (p. 390, Plate, XXXVI, fig.274,) which grows in large 
tuts, several inches in height, and often covers large surfaces of the piles 
and timbers at and just below low-water mark. Associated with this the 
Obelia gelutinosa (p. 391) often occurs in large quantities. This is a 
large and very beautiful species, having a large dark colored stem, com- 
posed of numerous united tubes, but the terminal branches are white 
and delicate, and the cells have an elegant bell-shaped form, with a 
toothed margin. It grows to the length of afootor more. This species 
oceurs on the piles of Long Wharf, in New Haven Harbor, in great 
abundance, associated with the preceding ; at this place the water is not 
only quite brackish, but is very impure, on account of sewerage, &e. 
Other species of Obelia also occur in similar places. The Balanus ebur- 
neus is a very abundant barnacle in brackish waters, growing upon piles, 
timbers, oyster-stakes, and every other kind of fixed wood-work, and 
also upon the bottoms of vessels and floating timber. As already re- 
marked (p. 381) it is capable of living even in fresh water. The Bala- 
nus balanoides also occurs where the water is less brackish. The piles 
and timbers of the wharves are often badly damaged by the perfora- 
tions of Teredo navalis (p. 384, Plate XXVI, fig. 183) even where the 
water is very brackish.* ‘ 
The Limnoria lignorum (p. 379) also attacks wood-werk in waters that 
are somewhat brackish. 
Lists of species inhabiting piles of wharves, floating timbers, &c., in brack- 
ish waters. 
ARTICULATA. 
Insects. 
Page. Page. 
Chironomus oceanicus.-... 331 | Anutida maritima......... 331 
Crustacea. 
Page. Page 
Panopeus depressus....... 312 | Jera copiosa....--...--.- . 815 
Microdeutopus minax...... 479 | Idotea irrorata.........-.. 316 
Amphithoé compta........ 370 | Limnoria lignorum........ 482 
Corophium cylindricum.... 3870 | Balanus balanoides........ 482 
Caprella, sp.---....-- ----. 9816 | B.eburneus......-.-....-. 482 
= Since the account of the Teredo navalis, on page 384, has been in type, I have learned 
some additional facts in regard to it from Mr. V.N. Edwards. The statement that the 
buoys are taken up every six months does not apply to the spar-buoys, which are 
taken up only once a year, in April and May. Mr. Edwards states that the Teredos 
would destroy an unpainted spar-buoy in one year, but when painted with verdigris 
they will only work where the paint becomes rublud off. They grow to full size in 
one year. They first attack buoys or piles just below the water’s edge, but eventually 
will destroy the entire submerged part of the spar-buoys. He thinks that some of 
them live through the winter, 
