202 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [496] 
ingly with the last two species. This is also a northern species, common 
in the Bay of Fundy. Among the compound Ascidians the only species 
found here that did not occur also in Vineyard Sound was Amarecium 
pallidum, a small species, which forms small rounded or turbmated 
whitish masses, of a firm gelatinous appearance, but with fine grains of 
sand imbedded in the substance. It is a common species in the Bay of 
Fundy. 
The Bryozoa are represented by numerous species, some of which 
are veryabundant. The Membranipora pilosa (Plate XXXIV, figs. 262, 
263) is one of the most abundant. It inerusts, and often entirely 
covers, the fronds of various algee, especially of Phyllophora Brodiwi, P. 
membranifolia, Rhodymenia palmata, Delesseria sinuosa, &c. On the 
reet off Watch Hill it was particularly abundant on these and other 
alge, shells, &c. It is easily distinguished by the single long spine at 
the proximal end of the cell, and by the shorter ones along the sides. 
With the preceding, Crisia eburnea, (p. 311, Plate X XXIV, figs. 260, 2615) 
Tubulipora fladellaris ; Cellepora ramulosa, (p. 312;) and a species of 
Discopora, allied to D. coccinea, were very abundant, adhering to the 
more slender red algee. A species of Lepralia, of a reddish color, and 
forming both incrusting and lichen-like corals, was common. In this the 
apertures of the cells are large, operculated, broadest proximally, and 
each one has a short, stout, conical spine at its proximal border, which 
is scarcely visible except in a profile view. 
The Bugula Murrayana, which forms clusters of broad, thin, flexible 
fronds nearly two inches high, was dredged several times. It is very 
common in the Bay of Fundy. An incrusting species of Alcyonidium, 
perhaps identical with A. gelatinosum of Europe, occurred on the red 
alge. A species of Cellularia, allied to A. ternata, was also obtained. 
The Echinoderms are represented by the common green sea-urchin, 
Strongylocentrotus Drébachiensis, (p. 406, Plate XX XV, fig. 268,) which 
is common off Gay Head, and as far as off New London, though far less 
abundant than in the Bay of Fundy; by the common red or purple 
star-fish, Asterias vulgaris, (p. 407,) which was abundant off Gay Head 
and on the reef off Watch Hill; Cribrella sanguinolenta, (p. 407,) which is 
not uncommon as far west as the Watch Hill reef, and off New London; 
and by the Ophiopholis aculeata, (Plate XXXV, fig. 270,)which was only 
once met with off Gay Head, but of which we dredged several specimens 
on the reef off Watch Hill. The last-named species is extremely 
abundant in the Bay of Fundy and northward, from low-water to the 
depth of more than one hundred fathoms. 
The Hydroids are very numerous on the rocky and stony bottoms, 
attached to alge, stones, shells, ascidians, &c. One of the most abun- 
dant is Obelia geniculata, (p. 407,) which grows on the fronds of Lamina- 
ria, Rhodymenia, and other alge; it often nearly covers one or both sides 
of the broad fronds of Laminaria, for the distance of two or three feet, 
the creeping stems forming an intricate net-work from which the upright 
