232 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [526] 
produced into long spines, and the sixth segment with two dorsal spines. 
The proportiona! size and the outline of the last segment are shown in 
Figure B; its posterior margin is armed with a long aud stout central 
spine, and each side with fourteen or fifteen plumose spines or setie, which 
are articulated to the margin. 
In this stage the young were first taken July 1, when they were seen 
swimming rapidly about at the surface of the water among great num- 
bers of zoée, megalops, and copeopods. Their motions and habits re- 
call at once the species of Mysis and Thysanopoda, but their motions 
are not quite as rapid and are more irregular. Their bright colors ren- 
der them conspicuous objects, and they must be readily seen and cap- 
tured by fishes. They were frequently taken at the surface in different 
parts of Vineyard Sound from July 1 to 7, and several were taken off 
Newport, Rhode Island, as late as July 15, and they would very likely 
be found also in June, judging from the stage of development to which 
the embryos had advanced early in May in Long Island Sound. Besides 
the specimens taken in the open water of the Sound, a great number 
were obtained July 6, from the well of a lobster-smack, where they were 
swimming in great abundance near the surface of the water, having un- 
doubtedly been recently hatched from the eggs carried by the female 
lobsters confined in the well. Some of these specimens lived in vessels 
of fresh sea-water for two days, but all efforts to keep thein alive long 
enough to observe their molting failed. They appeared, while thus in 
confinement, to feed principally upon very minute animals of different 
kinds, but were several times seen to devour small zoée, and occasionally 
when much crowded, so that some of them became exhausted, they fed 
upon each other, the stronger ones eating the weaker. 
Second stage.—In the next stage the young lobsters have increased 
somewhat in size, and the abdominal legs of the second to the fifth seg- 
ments have appeared. The rostrum is much broader, and there are 
several teeth along the edges. The basal segments of the antennule 
have become defined, and the secondary flagellum has appeared, but is 
not subdivided into segments. The antenne and mouth organs have 
undergone but slight changes. The first cephalothoracic legs are propor- 
tionally larger and stouter than in the first stage, and have become truly 
cheliform. The succeeding legs have changed little. The epidodi of all 
the legs and of the external maxillipeds have increased in size, and the 
branchial processes are distinctly lobed along the edges, and have be- 
gun to assume the form of true branchie. The segments of the abdomen 
have the same number of spines, but they are relatively somewhat 
smaller, and the last segment is relatively smaller and broader at base. 
The appendages of the second to the fifth segments differ considerably 
in size in different specimens, but are nearly as long as the segments 
themselves ; their terminal lamelle, however, are represented only by 
simple sack-like appendages, without sign of segmentation, or clothing 
of hairs or sete. The penultimate segment is still without appendages. 
