[649] INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF VINEYARD SOUND, ETc. 355 
incorrectly identified. It may have been a worn Cerithiopsis terebralis. 
The true T. erosa is a decidedly northern species, common in Casco Bay 
and the Bay of Fundy, and extending northward to the Arctic Ocean, 
and southward on the northern coasts of Europe, and on the North 
Pacific coast of America. It has not been recorded from south of Cape 
Cod by any one except Linsley. 
VERMETUS RADICULA Stimpson. Plate XXIV, fig. 157. (p. 417.) 
Shells of New England, p. 37, 1851; Gould, Invert., ed ii, p. 316, fig. 584. Ver- 
metus lumbricalis Gould, ed. i, p. 246, and various other American authors, 
(non Lamarck). 
Cape Cod to Florida. Vineyard Sound and Buzzard’s Bay, 3 to 10 
fathoms, not uncommon; Long Island Sound. Fort Macon, North 
Carolina, common, (Coues). 
Fossil in the Post-Pliocene of North Carolina. 
CCUM PULCHELLUM Stimpson. Plate XXIV, fig. 158. (p. 417.) 
Proceedings Boston Society of Natural History, vol. iv, p. 112, 1851; Shells of 
New England, p. 36, Plate 2, fig. 3, 1251; Gould, Invert., ed. ii, p. 315, fig. 533. 
Vineyard Sound, 1 to 4 fathoms, and dead on shore at Nobsca Beach. 
New Bedford (Stimpson). Greenport, Long Island, 10 fathoms, sand, 
(S. Smith). 
Dead shells of this species readily lose the outer layer, in which the 
annulations are formed; they then become white and smooth, without 
any trace of annulations, and might be mistaken for a different species. 
CzzctmM CooPeRi Smith. 
Sanderson Smith, Annals Lyceum Nat. Hist., New York, vol. vii, p. 154, 1860; 
op. cit., vol. ix, p. 393, fig. 3, 1970, (non Carpenter, 1264). Caecum costatum 
Verrill, American Journal of Science, vol. iii, p. 223, 1°72; this Report, p. 417. 
Vineyard Sound, 8 to 10 fathoms. Gardiner’s Bay, Long Island, 4 to 
5 fathoms, sand, (Smith). 
The first description of this species was formerly overlooked by me; 
as it antedates the description of the Californian species to which Dr. 
Carpenter gave the same name, the present species must be called 
Cooperi. 
In the adolescent stage of growth this species enlarges rather rapidly, 
and has 12 or 13, distinct, elevated, rounded cost, narrower than the 
intervals between; the circular grooves are numerous, unequal, inter- 
rupted. over the coste, and broader toward the aperture. The aperture 
is rounded within; its margin is stellated externally by the coste. 
CREPIDULA FORNICATA Lamarck. Plate XXIII, fig. 129. (p. £17.) 
Animaux saps Vert., vol vii, p. 641; Say, Journal Acad. Nat. Sciences, Philadel- 
phia, vol. ii, p. 225, 1322; Gould, Invert., ed. i, p. 153, fig. 17; ed. il, p. 271, 
fig. 532(?). Patella fornicata Liuné, Syst. Nat., ed. xii, p. 1257. 
Casco Bay, Maine, to Florida, and the northern shores of the Gulf of 
Mexico. Local north of Massachusetts Bay; in the southern part of 
