166 



POPULAR FLORA. 



there are five clialfy and pointed scales (Fig. 409). But more commonly the pappus con- 

 sists of bristles, or downy hairs (as its name denotes). Asters, Groundsels, and especially 



Thistles, afford most familiar examples of such a 

 hairy or downy pappus ; those of Thistles, &c. 

 in autumn sailing about in every breeze. Fig. 

 411 shows the very soft downy pappus of Sow- 

 Thistle. Fig. 410, that of the Dandelion; this is 

 raised upon a long beak to the akene, which 

 lengthens greatly after flowering. 



This family contains about an eighth or tenth 

 part of all Flowering plants. But it is too ditfi- 

 404. Half of a head of Bowers of Coreopsis. cult for the beginner. So wc hcrc barely men- 



tion a few of the common plants which belong to it. 



405. Slice of the same, enl.irgeil, with one ray-dower, and part of another, aiiij one iterfect disk-flower (a) , with ita bract or chalT (ft). 



1. Among those which have no rays, or strap-shaped corollas, are Thistles, Burcloct, 

 Everlasting and Cudweed, Wormwood, Thorouyhworl or 

 Eupatorium, Button-Snakeroot, and Ironweed. 



2. With rays or strap-shaped corollas at the margin 

 (either neutral or pistillate), and tubular flowers in the 

 centre ; Coltsfoot, Aster, Fleabane, Daisy, Golden-rod, 

 fiunjlower. Coreopsis, Mayiveed, Chamomile, ^~c. 



3. With all the flowers strap-shaped and perfect (and 



in this division the plants have a milky juice) : Cichory or Succory (Fig. 402), Salsify, 

 Hawkweed, Sow-thistle, Dandelion, and Lettuce. 



