HABITATIONS 279 



fattening cattle, they may be considered too cold in the 

 winter, but as roofing for covered yards, manure pits, hay 

 ricks, temporary sheep shelters, etc., they are of undeniable 

 value. 



A roof known as the * open hoard roof is frequently used 

 on account of its cheapness, it has the further advantage of 

 being a ventilating roof. The principle of construction is 

 simple, the boards are grooved at either edge ; when they 

 are laid on the roof they are not permitted to touch each 

 other, a space of about one quarter of an inch is left between 

 them ; the rain strange to say does not find its way through, 

 and what runs down the board, is carried off by the two 

 grooves on either side. 



These boards are not nailed direct to the framework of 



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Fig. 86.— Open Board Roof. A, Frame of roof ; B, studs driven in the frame 

 to keep the boards, 0, from touching it ; D D, two grooves on either side 

 of the boards to carry off the rain ; E, long nails to secure the boards to 

 the frame (Henderson) . * 



the roof, but some small studs are first driven into the 

 frame and on these the boards rest. When in this position 

 they are kept there by long nails driven into the frame 

 beneath. The advantage of the studs is that the wood 

 work of the frame and roof are not in actual contact, in 

 consequence of which the wood is preserved by the circula- 

 tion of air. In Fig. 86 a section of this class of roof is 

 shown ;* it is frequently used for covered yards. 



The gutters around the eaves of a roof are, as previously 

 mentioned, of the utmost importance from a sanitary point 

 of view in keeping the soil dry around the foundations ; 



* Copied from ' Dairy Buildings,' Mr. E. Henderson, Transactions 

 of the Highland and Agricultural Society, vol. xi. 



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