282 VETEEINAEY HYGIENE 



Eeforms move slowly but surely, public opinion has 

 taught the farmer a great deal about the care and preserva- 

 tion of milk and the hygiene of the dairy that he otherwise 

 would never have learned ; it will yet teach him that the 

 animal that produces the milk must also be maintained 

 under sanitary conditions. 



Paring. — The paving for buildings has always been a 

 difficult question, especially that for horses, as there are 

 two essentials to be filled, viz., it must be water tight and 

 it must not be slippery. The only difficulty is to obtain 

 a non-slippery pavement, and this will always be the case 

 until some other material than iron is found for horses' 

 shoes. 



The floor should if possible be above the level of the 

 outside ground in order to ensure a fall for the drains or 

 gutters, and whatever paving material is employed, it must 



Fig. 87. — Vitrified Paving-brick (St. Pancras Iron Works Company). 



rest on a good solid bed of concrete. It is astonishing how 

 holes are worn in floors and sinking occurs under con- 

 tinuous pressure. We see it at its best in the street pave- 

 ment in spite of a concrete foundation. 



Many materials may be used as flooring, perhaps the 

 blue Staffordshire brick (Fig. 87) is the most economical. 

 These bricks on their wearing surface are frequently divided 

 by grooves into smaller squares, the idea being to prevent 

 slipping; but until grooves are made wide enough and 

 deep enough to get the toe of the shoe and foot into it, it is 

 difficult to understand how they can prevent slipping. A 

 brick with a single wide groove is made, which more nearly 

 fulfils the necessary condition. At present, it may be said 

 no vitrified stable brick exists which will prevent slipping, 

 so that other measures like sand should be adopted to 

 secure this object. 



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