308 VETEEINAEY HYGIENE 



or hundreds, we shall as a matter of convenience take a 

 unit stable for 48 horses, and what applies to this will apply 

 to any larger or smaller number. 



Type of Stable.— Fig. 117 shows the ground-plan of such 

 a stable, it is arranged for the horses to be in groups of 

 twelve, with their heads to the outside wall and a passage 

 down the centre ; doors are placed at each end and in the 

 middle, and a window over the head of each horse. 



The object of this is to obtain the two important condi- 

 tions of air and light, with effective ventilation, and the 

 latter is finally secured by the ridge of the roof being open 

 and protected by a louvre. If required extra light may be 

 admitted through the roof below the ridge. 



On these points it will be well to refer to the chapter 

 dealing with ventilation, as no further mention can here be 

 made. 



Where more than one block of stabling is required the 

 greatest care must be paid to avoid overcrowding and 

 getting the blocks too close together. The nearest that 

 one block should be to the other is twice the height of 

 the building; but if space permits the great thing is to 

 open out, and let the air get well in between the blocks. 



Good and bad block plans are shown in Figs. 118 and 119. 

 For a large number of horses anything which approaches a 

 square is objectionable, especially when built on a limited 

 area. Blocks may be arranged in a parallel group as in 

 Fig. 120, which is known as the Pavilion system. In this 

 figure stabling is provided for 480 horses with forge, forage 

 stores, shelter for vehicles and offices ; the proper relative 

 positions of these is also assigned. 



With a smaller group of buildings there is less objection 

 to departing from the ideal block plan, as there is less risk 

 of overcrowding. 



The internal fittings of industrial stables are strong and 

 plain, we will consider them in much the same order as 

 in the other class of stable. 



Stall Division. — These are almost invariably swing bails 

 suspended from the manger in front and a heel post or the 



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