PAEASITES 443 



malis is found in the conjunctival sac of the ox, and F. pal- 

 pebralis in that of the horse, while F. inerrnis occurs in the 

 anterior chamber of the eye of equines. F. immitis is 

 found in the right ventricle of the dog, while its embryos 

 may be found in thousands in the blood-stream. F. recon- 

 dita is found in its larval stage in the blood of the dog. 

 F. Evansi in the arteries and lungs of the camel. F. hcemor- 

 rliagica in the subcutaneous tissues of the horse and ass, 

 where it produces local haemorrhages, while F. irritans 

 produces ' summer sore ' in horses, which has been likened 

 to the Indian disease ' Bursattee.' 



Of the Spiroptera, megastoma, which produces submucous 

 tumours and abscesses in the stomach of the horse, is best 

 known. S. microstoma lives on the surface of the mucous 

 membrane of the stomach of the same animal, while 

 S. reticulata is met with in the flexor tendons and suspen- 

 sory ligament of the fetlock, where it produces parasitic 

 fibromata. 



Of the life-history of these parasites we possess but little 

 information. The opinion at the present time is that 

 blood-sucking dipterous insects may be responsible for 

 carrying infection, as in the case of F. lahiato-papillosa 

 (see p. 431). 



No attempt has been made to give anything like a 

 complete list of the internal parasites of the herbivora ; 

 attention has only been drawn to those of importance from 

 the point of view of prevention, while others are mentioned 

 as interesting, and showing the widespread character of 

 parasitic invasion. A consideration of Tricliince is reserved 

 for the section dealing with Meat Inspection. 



Vegetable Parasites are represented by the class of disease 

 known as Ringivorm, which affects principally young 

 animals, more particularly cattle and horses ; the fungus 

 which causes this is a pure saprophyte. Brown* has 

 shown that ringworm fungus will grow on the bark of a 

 tree even after a long frost. In the reference given below 



* Journal of the Boyal Agricultural Society, Prof. G. Brown, C.B., 

 vol. vi., part ii., 1895. 



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