STATE HYGIENE 503 



than the United Kingdom, other measures may be adopted, 

 less radical, perhaps less perfect, but more suited to the 

 local conditions. These measures are destruction of the 

 affected and inoculation of all in-contacts. 



Destruction of the affected is imperative, as there is 

 abundant evidence to show that animals which apparently 

 recover from the disease are fruitful sources of further in- 

 fection, even when only quite small areas of lung are in- 

 volved. On no account should the affected be spared, and 

 a most careful examination of the chests of those it is pro- 

 posed to keep is imperative ; this taken into consideration 

 with the temperature may prevent sources of infection being 

 retained.* 



Any animal indicating pneumonia must be included in 

 those for destruction, only those are retained for inoculation 

 which have a clear chest, normal temperature, and look 

 well. 



Protective Inoculation. — The beneficial effects of inocula- 

 tion have been denied, and as a means of stamping out the 

 disease in a country like the United Kingdom it cannot for a 

 moment be entertained. Communications are too extensive, 

 the country too small, and sources of leakage too numerous, 

 to trust to any system but that of ruthless obliteration. In 

 our other possessions, especially those occupied by an alien 

 race, the destruction of diseased animals is not understood, 

 and is resented ; it has even been known to provoke a native 

 rising, and in such cases our obvious policy should be some- 

 thing less effectual, but also less drastic, and fortunately the 

 vast areas and the slow communications are in this respect 

 of help. 



Under these circumstances inoculation for pleuro-pneu- 



* We have seen no reason to regret the rule we made in this respect 

 some time ago. The animal we are doubtful of must be secured, and 

 the cheat thoroughly overhauled with the phonendoscope. There is no 

 other instrument which for the safety and facility of the examiner 

 (who may have to deal with half wild cattle), and the accuracy of the 

 results which it affords, can approach the phonendoscope, while its 

 long flexible tubes and disc enable every portion of the chest to be ex- 

 plored with ease and certainty. 



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