STATE HYGIENE 578 



district of another local authority, their previous consent is required, 

 or else a licence of the Board. 



It is an offence to dig up a carcase except by licence of the Board. 

 It is an offence to move an animal dead or alive in contravention of a 

 regulation made by a local authority under the Glanders Order, or 

 of the conditions of a movement licence. It is an offence if any 

 animal is not marked in accordance with any regulation of the local 

 authority, the removal or attempt at removal of this mark is also an 

 offence. If anything is omitted to be done as regards any cleansing or 

 disinfection it constitutes an offence against the Act. 



TUBEECULOSIS. 



The interest which attaches to tuberculosis is twofold, first 

 its extraordinary destructive effect on bovines, and the 

 extent to which it exists among certain herds ; secondly, 

 its relation to what appears to be an identical disease in 

 man, and the possibility of its communicability from bovines 

 to man and vice versa. 



The disease in all animals is due to a bacillus, since the 

 discovery of which in 1882 by Koch, dates such exact know- 

 ledge as we at present possess. The bacillus does not 

 appear to be quite the same in each animal, though the 

 destructive lung lesions and infectivity are practically 

 identical. 



The common seat of tuberculous lesions in bovines are 

 the lungs, bowel, mammary gland, kidney, and generative 

 organs ; in each of these the organism grows. The seat of 

 election depends apparently on the lymph stream, secondary 

 infection of the other organs occurs from the lungs, whilst 

 the lungs obtain the organism by inhalation or ingestion. 



In days gone by the most common method of infection 

 was believed to be by hereditary transmission, but abundant 

 observations have proved that though a constitutional pre- 

 disposition does play a part in infection, yet the hereditary 

 nature of tuberculosis may practically be neglected. Of the 

 progeny of tuberculous cows probably considerably less than 

 1 per cent, are affected with the disease at the time of 

 birth. 



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