CAEE AND MANAGEMENT OF ANIMALS 731 



devices ; but such lessons are forgotten, partly or com- 

 pletely, when he leaves his hands. 



Elsewhere we shall go more fully into the principles 

 which should be aimed at in training a horse for saddle 

 work, and shall urge simple straightforward methods, with 

 as little turning and wrenching of the limbs as possible ; 

 the ordinary saddle horse does not require the same train- 

 ing as that artificial product the polo pony, nor does he 

 need the accomplishments of the circus. 



In these principles of training it is assumed the horse- 

 man rides with his legs, and does not hold on by his hands, 

 and is thus able to give the animal the necessary freedom 

 of head and neck. It is no longer considered needful to 

 ' raise the forehand ' by means of a severe bit and a dead 

 pull on the mouth. 



THE HOESE IN THE STABLE. 



Clothing and Clipping. — When young animals are brought 

 for the first time into a stable, or older horses taken up 

 from grass, the greatest care should be taken with regard 

 to the ventilation. Everything, doors and windows, should 

 be left open, or for a certainty the animal will contract a 

 catarrh. No clothing of any kind should be employed, 

 though as the dirt and hair are removed from the body by 

 grooming a light sheet may be used to take their place, 

 and gradually the full clothing brought into use depending 

 on the time of year. 



As a matter of fact, excepting in the winter and only 

 then after the removal of the coat, no clothing need be 

 used. We fully recognise that this advice will not be 

 followed, as one of the great points secured by clothing is 

 a fine glossy coat, while a certain amount of body soiling 

 is also prevented. No unclothed animal in winter can 

 possibly carry a fine glossy coat ; no animal in summer 

 unless clothed ever carries quite such a clean coat. 



The question of clothing, clipping, and the nature of the 

 animal's work are intimately associated. 



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