CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF ANIMALS 825 



be prevented by fitting the collar closer to the sides of the 

 neck on the region lying between Nos. 1 and 2 in the 

 diagram, and taking all the bearing off the crest. 



The injury at No. 2 is due to a collar being too tight, 

 and its remedy is obvious, viz., some of the plugging 

 must be removed. 



Fig. 204. — The Position of Collar Injuries. 1, Collar gall due to pole 

 draught and collar resting on the neck ; 2, collar gall due to a tight 

 collar; 3, collar gall due to collar being too wide; 4, collar gall due 

 to collar being too wide ; 5, the dotted line shows the position of 

 ' after- wale ' injuries. 



Injuries Nos. 3 and 4 are due to a wide collar producing 

 friction ; the remedy is to reduce the width by means of 

 strips of felt, or increase the plugging at the part. 



At No. 5 the dotted line indicates where the edge of the 

 after- wale cuts into the skin, when the stuffing in a collar 

 begins to settle down. 



In seeing a collar on to determine the cause of injury, it 



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