908 VETEEINAEY HYGIENE 



of stanchions, and are kept in position by a swinging stop 

 made of wood (Fig. 211, C). On to the front bar hangs 

 the manger. 



The parting or side bars, may be one, two, or three in 

 number between each horse ; they slide into a groove in the 

 front and rear stanchions, and are a constant source of 

 nuisance. Horses kick between them, sometimes get over 

 them into the next stall, and injuries are frequent. One 

 parting bar would be ample for the majority of horses, but 

 it should be made of good stout timber 3 inches in thick- 

 ness and 9 or 10 inches in depth, thoroughly secured 

 into a strong mortise or cleat in the uprights (Fig. 218, C). 



Too much attention cannot be given to this side plank, it 

 may never be wanted the whole voyage, or it may be 

 required within a short time of leaving port. Its function 

 is to keep the animals from telescoping when the vessel 

 pitches. It will be borne in mind the horse is only properly 

 placed in the ship for rolling ; when pitching occurs he is in 

 a most disadvantageous position, and is thrown against the 

 partition bar ; if it breaks he passes into his neighbour's 

 stall, if that gives way under double pressure the two are 

 shot on to the next horse, and so on. 



The lower edge of this side plank should be about 

 2 feet 10 inches from the platform on which the animal 

 stands. 



There are some horses which remain throughout a voyage 

 sufficiently well to kick, and for them a single side bar will 

 be insufficient, a second bar must be introduced immediately 

 below the first ; it should be 9 inches deep, so that the two 

 form a protection of 18 inches against kicking. If there is 

 no slot for the second bar to fall into, it can be secured to 

 the bar above by lashing, and made to act the part of a 

 swing kicking-piece on a bail. 



The length of the stalls is an important matter to attend 

 to, which will be evident when it is borne in mind what the 

 apparent movement of the horse's body is during rolling. If 

 one stands at the end of a gangway and watches the horses 

 during rolling a curious sight is observable ; as the ship, for 



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