1 8 Veterinary Obstetrics 



it which serves to preserve its attachment to the sub-lumbar 

 region, and, between the two folds, the vessels and nerves pass to 

 the gland. 



The location of the ovary in the adult varies much with 

 species but, apparently, the size of the gland has little or no in- 

 fluence upon its position. It rests upon the superior surface of 

 the anterior border of the broad ligament, naked in most animals 

 but closely invested in the bitch by the pavillion of the oviduct. 

 The pavillion of the oviduct is attached at one point of its 

 margin to the ovary near its hilus and its connection with the 

 uterus is further maintained by the utero-ovarian ligament, com- 

 posed largely of connective tissue and pale muscle fibers. The 

 ovary is further influenced in its position by the round ligament, 

 which is analogous to the gubernaculum testis of the male. 

 Arising like the latter from the skin and dartos at the point 

 where the fundus of the scrotum of the male normally appears 

 in the given species, it passes up through the inguinal ring and 

 above the peritoneum to became attached to the uterine cornua 

 or oviduct not far from the ovary. The latter tends with these 

 attachments to follow a line of descent comparable to the testicle 

 but normally becomes arrested in its movement at some point 

 between its place of origin and the internal' inguinal ring. In 

 the bitch, it remains closely applied to the sub-lumbar region 

 immediately behind the kidney ; in the mare, its movement is 

 arrested early and it remains rather firmly suspended not far be- 

 hind the kidney and above the middle of the posterior part of the 

 abdominal cavity, while that of the cow lies loosely alongside the 

 vagina just by the internal inguinal ring. 



In the sow, the ovary floats quite freely in the peritoneal cavity 

 and at times passes out through the inguinal ring and comes to 

 rest in the perineal region corresponding to the scrotum of the 

 male. The same displacement is said to occur rarely in bitches 

 and it is possible in any species. 



In general we might say that in the elongated uteri of multi- 

 parous animals the ovaries are situated further forward than in 

 the uniparous or biparous species. The location of the ovary is 

 further modified by the pregnant state, the gravid uterus 

 dragging it downwards and forwards in its own descent. 



