124 Veterinary Obstetrics 



the female, and otherwise to perform the physiologic essentials 

 of copulation. 



Sterilit}' of the male may be outlined as follows : 



I. AZOOSPERMIE. 



a. Congenita,! Defects of Testes. 



1. Anorchidy. 



2. Congenital Malformations and Tumors. 



3. Cryptorchidy. 



4. Hybrids. 



5. Hermaphrodites. 



b. Acquired Diseases of the Testes and Scrotum. 



1. Tumors. 



2. Orchitis and Epididymitis. 



3. Spontaneous Degeneration of Testicles. 



4. Hydrocele. 



5. Torsion of the' Testicles. 



c. Azoospermie from Systemic Disease or Debility. 



1. Debilitating Systemic Diseases, Overwork. 



2. Idleness and Overfeeding. 



3. Excessive Sexual Use. 



4. Onanism or Ma.sturbation. 



II. Defective Secretions of Accessory Glands. 



III. Inability to Properly Copulate. 



1. Arrested Development of the Penis. 



2. Tumors, hernise, etc., near the penis, which serve to mis- 

 direct it and prevent its entering the vulva. 



3. Tumors of the Penis and Prepuce. 



4. Penial Paralysis. 



5. Excessive Erection. Spasm of Penis. 



6. Broken or Curved Penis. 



7. Inflammation of Penis. 



8. Adhesions of the Penis to the Prepuce. 



9. Constriction of the Preputial Opening. Phymosis. 



10. Paraphymosis. 



11. Lumbar or General Paralysis. 



12. Painful Diseases of the Posterior Limbs and other Parts. 



13. Size of Male. 



14. Age of Male. 



IV. Infectious Diseases. 



