Hybrids. Hermaphrodites 127 



tozoa are formed by it. If such a testicle descends and passes 

 from the abdomen through the internal inguinal ring, it tends to 

 at once develop normally and become fertile. However, it is 

 essential that the gland itself shall descend. In some cases, the 

 epididymis descends into the scrotum, while the gland remains 

 in the abdomen, the testicle retaining its typical cryptorchid 

 character and remaining sterile. While the typical abdominal 

 croptorchid testicle is regularly sterile, it nevertheless induces a 

 sexual reflex, causing the development of the ordinary male at- 

 tributes, such as the characteristic head, neck, horns and voice 

 and usually a sexual desire of an intense and more or less per- 

 verted character, in which vice assumes a prominent role. If 

 onl}- one testicle is retained in the abdomen, the other being 

 normally located and developed or even having undergone com- 

 pensatorial hypertrophy, the animal may be fertile, that is, the 

 normally developed gland is capable of performing its function 

 regardless of the presence of the sterile gland within the abdo- 

 men. The perverted sexual desire, akin to nymphomania of the 

 female, persists so long as one testicle is in the abdomen, even 

 though one has descended into the scrotum, and functions. The 

 defect is of further interest to the breeder because of itt perni- 

 cious hereditary transmission from parent to offspring. The con- 

 dition is beyond practical remedy. While it is surgically possible 

 to procure the descent of the testicle into the scrotum and thereby 

 cause the gland to so develop that it will perform its normal 

 function, this would not prevent the transmission of the defect 

 to the offspring. 



4. Hybrids, chiefly the mule, are regularly sterile, the testi- 

 cles partaking of the fetal type histologicallj-, though normal in 

 position, form and volume. In this animal, the sexual desire is 

 well developed. In rare cases, well authenticated, the female has 

 bred, but we do not recall instances of recorded fertility in the 

 male, although they probably occur. The opportunity for the 

 demonstration of such power in the male is generally excluded 

 by castration. 



5. Hermaphrodites. In all species of domestic animals we 

 meet, occasionally, with hermaphroditism in which the two sj'S- 

 tems of sexual organs are each found more or less developed in 

 the same animal. They incline to assume a prevailing type ac- 

 cording to species. 



