io34 Veterinary Obstetrics 



the first symptoms of the disease within from 5 to 8 days, or 

 even more, when they suddenly become weak and listless, remain 

 recumbent, aud, when they are compelled to get up, habitually 

 stretch themselves. 



Along with the dry muzzle, the respirations are increased to- 

 50 or 120 per minute, the pulse is small, 100 to 150 per minute, 

 and the temperature is elevated as high as 42° C. Some of the 

 patients cough. The appetite is greatly diminished, though the 

 calf may continue to drink some milk. In these outbreaks- 

 diarrhea is rare, and usually the feces are normal, while the 

 urine is frequently voided in small amounts and contains epithe- 

 lium from the bladder and tubular casts from the kidneys. 

 In some cases cerebral symptoms are present, in the form of 

 tonic and clonic spasms, to be later followed by paralysis. 



The disease has a duration of 5 or 6 days, and in the experi- 

 ence of Thomassen is uniformly fatal. 



The pathologic anatomy consists chiefly of great enlargement 

 of the spleen, which is 5 to 6 times its normal size and has a 

 weight of about 500 grams. The pulp of the spleen is congested 

 and chocolate color or black, and it sometimes shows an irregular 

 form, being more swollen at one point than another. In smear 

 preparations of the spleen, there are found many bacilli. The 

 kidneys are affected with a parenchymatous inflammation, and 

 the mucous membrane of the bladder shows streaks or spots of 

 a brown-red color. The mesenteric lymph glands are enlarged 

 and show hemorrhagic spots. The mucous membrane of the 

 fourth stomach, and to a lesser degree that of the small intes- 

 tine, show numerous dark red petechia. The liver has under- 

 gone parenchymatous degeneration. The endocardium is cov- 

 ered with red petechise. 



Thomassen administered various antiseptics to the diseased 

 animals, such as carbolic acid, eucalyptol, trichloride of iodine, 

 Lugol's solution and others, but without any success. 



