Fissure of the Palate 1067 



female generative organs. This is especially true in the horse, 

 where cryptorchid testicles frequently develop, along with a 

 more or less imperfect vagina and vulva, and an erectile organ 

 which may occupy an intermediary position between the normal 

 clitoris of the mare and the penis of the staljion. 



The handling of these abnormalities will vary according to 

 circumstances. Unless by surgical interference the urine can be 

 caused to be voided in an unobjectionable direction and manner, it 

 is advisable to destroy the young animal at once as being worth- 

 less. If there is a well developed vulva, the abnormally long 

 clitoris or short penis, as one may prefer to term it, may be 

 amputated within the vulva, so that the animal will urinate as 

 though a mare. In such cases of hermaphroditism the testicles 

 may be removed, when the animal has reached the proper age, in 

 the same manner as ordinary cryptorchids are castrated ; or, as 

 in one case upon which we operated, the glands may be removed 

 through the vagina in the same manner as the ovaries in the 

 mare. 



Occlusion of the eyelids sometimes occurs in the new-born. 

 In carnivora and rodents the eyelids are normally adherent at the 

 time of birth, while in other animals they are open. If the eye- 

 lids are adherent merely by their margins, they may be separated 

 by tension or by carefully dividing them with a scalpel. In 

 some cases, however, the lachrymal cavity is wanting and the 

 eyelids are adherent to the cornea. In such a case there is no 

 help for the condition. In other instances we have observed the 

 new-born animal without a cornea, and the sclerotic coat cover- 

 ing the entire eyeball. This is not subject to remedy. 



Occlusion of the auditory canal occurs occasionally, especially 

 in the dog. It is recorded that in some cases there is a soft 

 tumor at the point where the opening of the canal should exist, 

 which can be readily seized with forceps and excised with a 

 scalpel, exposing an accumulation of cerumen or ear wax, which 

 may be removed by syringing out with tepid water. Such ani- 

 mals are usually incurably deaf. 



7. Fissure of the Palate. 



Fissure of the palate is a comparatively rare congenital defect 

 in the new-born. In our museum, there is one specimen of fis- 



