54 VETERINARY OBSTETRICS. 
reference can be made to the mechanical and medicinal 
means described under that head. 
It may sometimes happen, that after all available 
methods have been exhausted, the animal still 
continues to strain and evert the vagina, and that 
death, as a result, may appear imminent, so that 
premature delivery has to be resorted to, to save the 
life of the parent, and if the 260th day of pregnancy 
has been reached, possibly the life of the young one 
(Calf) also. After the os has been dilated, the 
membranes may be perforated by the fingers. After 
delivery, great care should be exercised, for some days, 
to prevent subsequent inversion. In vaginal prolapse 
in the Ewe, similar methods can be adopted to those 
already described. A common custom with some is to 
knot a portion of wool, from each side of the vulva, 
together, to prevent eversion. 
Hysterocele (Hernia of the Uterus). 
This condition has been observed in the Mare, 
Cow, Ewe, Goat and Bitch. It may be due to rupture 
of the musculo-fibrous floor of the abdomen, the 
gravid uterus escaping into a sac formed by the 
peritoneum and skin. In the Bitch, the womb is often 
displaced before conception, the foetus being developed 
in the hernia. With the exception of the Bitch, in 
which the hernia may be inguinal, it is always. 
accidental and ventral, and usually towards the inferior 
portion of the abdomen. 
Its cause is generally violence, although it may 
start from an umbilical hernia, or from natural or 
