292 



SKELETON OF THE HOESE. 



typically composed of six bones — two scapulce, two cora 

 and two clavicles. In the horse this so-called shoulder girdle 

 is very simple ; the coraooids are reduced to mere fragments, 

 small processes attached to the shoulder-blades or scapulae, 

 and known as the coraooid processes. S"o clamcles or collar- 

 bones are found at all. The arch is really reduced to a pair 



of large scapulfe. The 

 scapula is shallow, 

 broadened above and 

 •- contracted below, where 

 Cu. we find a depression, 

 the glenoid cavity, in 

 which fits the head of 

 the arm -bone or hum- 

 erus. At the top of 

 each scapula is a car- 

 tilaginous prolongation 

 rounded at its summit, 

 and down the outer 

 -Se« face of the scapula 

 runs a bony ridge: this 

 ridge is much thick- 

 ened and turned back- 

 ^"^ wards above the middle. 

 By noticing this point, 

 we can easUy teU a right 



li, Radius; A', knee (carpus); Co., cannon-bone; f,.|-,m n Ipff Qpaniik 



S, splint-bones; Fas, pastern; Cor, coronet; Co/; ^^"^ ^ ^^^^ SCapUia. 

 coflni-bone; Trap, pisciform ; Ses, scs.imoid bone ; Tlip *>,,.„ Ihnh lf[a 



T, tibia ; As, astragalus ; C, calcaneus ; Cu, cuboid. ^^^ ■'"' ^ ™™ W 



154, a) of the horse 

 consists of the following parts ; the humerus, the radius (R) and 

 ulna, the caiyus (E) (or knee of the liorse), the metacai-pus or 

 cannon-bone {Co), and the phalange-bones, consisting of three 

 divisions. Ifor,n,jiy jj^ animals there are five metacarpals and 

 five phalanges or digits, sucli as we see in man ; but m the 

 horse these latter are reduceil to one. The fore-limb, which is 



Fia. 154.— A, FOEE, AND E, HiND LeG OF HOKSE. 



