GROWTH OF THE BLASTODERM. 413 



sides of which, the medullary folds (mi/), grow up and meet, 

 forming a tube, the neural tube, the future cerebro-spinal canal 

 (fig. 200, Hh). Below this, during the first day, appears pre- 

 viously a rod of cells, the future notochord {Not). 



The blastoderm early in development becomes thickened by 

 the growth of the mesoblast (Mm). The mesoblast on each side 

 then cleaves into two layers. The upper part of the mesoblast 

 unites with the epiblast to form an outer layer, the lower with 

 the hypoblast to form a lower and inner layer. These two 

 layers, knoAvn respectively as the upper, outer, or somatopleure, 

 and the lower, inner, or sjilanclinopleure, grow down and meet 

 to form two tubes. The inner tube, which is seen to be lined 



Mrs. .. .. «^^|^ 



Mot 



Fig. 199.— Transverse Section of Blastoderm, incubated for eighteen 

 hours. (After Poster and Balfour.) 



/fp, Epiblast ; JIfes, mesoblast ; lly, hypoblast ; mtf, medullary groove ; ™/, medul- 

 lary fold ; litit, notochord, 



by hypoblast, is the alimentary canal, wnich in time becomes 

 perforated at each end by two infoldings of the epiblast, form- 

 ing the mouth and anus. The outer tube forms the tube of 

 the body, the space between these two tubes being the body 

 cavity. The embryonic sac is connected with the yolk-sac by a 

 gradually narrowing hollow stalk. This stalk, like the embryonic 

 sac, is double, there being a somatic and a splanchnic tube : the 

 splanchnic tube connects the alimentary canal with the cavity 

 of the yolk-sac ; the somatic stalk connects the body walls of 

 the embryo with the somatopleure of the yolk-sac. Very soon 

 in development the splanchnic canal becomes obliterated, and 

 thus shuts off the yolk from entering the alimentary tube. The 



