496 PliEVENTION AND DESTEOCTION OF INSECT PESTS. 



gardens iiifested in this way. Mould-heaps and peat-heaps should 

 always have a dressing of lime on the top to keep off the daddy-long- 

 legs, click beetles, &c., that will lay their eggs there if they get the 

 chance. Lastly, every farmer and gardener should protect as far as 

 he can the numerous insects that are beneficial, and the birds and 

 animals that help to keep down our only too rai^idly increasing 

 insect pests. 



The enemies of insects include such groups of insects as lady-birds, 

 lace- wing flies, hover flies, ichneumon flies, tachina flies, sand-wasps, 

 carabidae or ground beetles, &c., described in chaj)ter viii. 



Besides insects, frogs, toads, and shrew-mice do much good in 

 gardens, where they can be usefully employed ; and numerous birds 

 are of the greatest benefit in checking insect depredations, notably 

 the family of Tits or Paridw, and many of the migratory birds. 

 Even the blackbird and the thrush do good by destroying heaps of 

 grubs, snails, and slugs, and so make up for the loss they some- 

 times occasion amongst the fruit. 



NOTE. 



In Chapter I. I am indebted to Professor Claus's ' Lehrbuch der 

 Zoologie,' to which the student who wishes to follow up the subject 

 is referred. The work has been translated by ilr Adam Sedgwick, 

 under the title of ' Elementary Text-Book of Zoology.' 



For further details on Parasitic Diseases, Anatomy of Domesti- 

 cated Animals, and Embryology, which are only briefly treated in 

 this text-book, the student is refen-ed to the following works, from 

 which I have obtained much of the information incorporated in this 

 Zoology, especially in regard to Embryology : — 



1. The Parasitic Diseases of Domesticated Animals, by Neu- 

 mann : EngHsh translation by Dr G. Fleming, C.B. (BaiUiere, 

 Tiudall, & Co.) 



2. The Comparative Anatomy of the Domesticated Animals, by 

 Chauveau : English translation by Dr Fleming. (Churchill & Co.) 



3. Embryology, by Foster and Balfour. (Macmillan & Co.) 



