AFTER CARE — FERTILIZERS 57 
distributed in a manner which insures abso- 
lute uniformity, which covers every square 
inch of the soil, and is under control of 
the operator. A turning device enables the 
operator, by one movement, and without 
leaving the power house, to control the dis- 
tribution of the water on a large acreage. 
Besides giving water for the growing crop 
it also affords protection against frost. It 
should be noted, however, that it is practi- 
cally useless to apply the water after the plant 
has been frozen or touched with frost. The 
pipes must be kept moving so that the water 
is applied on a given place at intervals of 
not to exceed two minutes’ duration. The 
sprinkling should be begun previous to the 
frost and continued throughout the night 
until the temperature rises above the danger 
point. 
It may seem incongruous that a plant can 
be protected from the frost and at the same 
time be covered with ice, but this is neverthe- 
less true. Water in freezing parts with as 
much heat as in dropping from I12 to 32 
degrees. With the Skinner system, in seven 
hours and with a pressure of thirty pounds, 
there can be applied on a ten-acre plot one 
