INSECTS, DISEASES, AND SPRAYING 69 
To prepare: place the copper sulphate in 
a bag, suspended in a barrel or other wooden 
receptacle holding four gallons of water. 
In another barrel slake or mix six pounds 
of lime with six gallons of water. When 
time to spray, take the solution of copper 
sulphate and pour into the spray barrel, add 
forty gallons of clean water, then strain in 
the six gallons of the lime water (milk of lime 
as it is sometimes called). The extra lime 
will counteract possible injury from excess 
strength of the copper sulphate. This is a 
fungicide. 
The addition to this mixture of three 
pounds of arsenate of lead, for leaf-eating 
insects, makes a good all-purpose spray 
mixture. 
In the cases where the fruit is set and 
there is danger from poisoning if any of the 
arsenic forms are used, hellebore or pyre- 
thrum powders, both being non-poisonous, 
may be employed. Apply these powders 
early in the morning with the dew still on 
the leaves, either using a bellows sprayer or 
better still the powder hammer, which is 
nothing more than a large, cheaply con- 
structed shaker attached to a short handle. 
